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Description
Flashcards by Alija Shahi, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Alija Shahi
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What are carbohydrates, proteins and fats made up of? | Carbohydrates are made up of simple sugars such as glucose, proteins are made up of amino acids and fats are made up of fatty acids and glycerol |
| How a balanced diet will vary depending on age, gender, activity, religion, personal choice and medical issues? | 1. Age: Teenagers need more protein as they're growing quickly. 2. Gender: Women need more iron to replace lost haemoglobin in menstrual blood and will a balanced diet more protein for lactation (producing breast milk) and development of the baby during pregnancy. 3. More active people need more carbohydrates for energy and protein for and repair of cells. 4. Religion: Hindus don't eat beef, because they believe cows are sacred 5. Personal choices: People choose to become vegetarians or vegans for a vast number of reasons, they might dislike the texture of meat, or they might think it's trendy and healthier. 6. Medical issues: Some people are intolerant to certain types of food, which may result in reactions such as feeling ill or bloated. This is because they cannot make the enzyme needed to digest the food properly. |
| Why is protein deficiency (kwashiorkor) common in developing countries? | 1. Overpopulation - too many people to feed with the land and resources available 2. Limited money investment in agricultural techniques - farming techniques are not good enough to produce protein-rich food |
| How do you calculate the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for protein? | EAR (g) = 0.6 × Body mass (kg) |
| How do you calculate Body Mass Index (BMI)? | BMI = Mass (kg) ÷ (height in m)² |
| How can low self-esteem, poor self-image and desire for perfection can lead to a poor diet and the increased risks involved? | Low self-esteem, poor self-image and desire for perfection (caused by anorexia nervosa (self-starvation) and bulimia nervosa (binge eating followed by self-induced vomiting) can lead to a poor diet by undereating. This can lead to organ failure, muscle wastage, undernutrition, poor blood circulation etc. The vomit from binge eating can eat away the tooth enamel. |
| How are the biological molecules of carbohydrates, proteins and fats stored? |
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| Why do vegetarians need to eat proteins from a wide range of sources compared to people who eat proteins of animal origin? | First class proteins contain all the essential amino acids including those that the body cannot make and they're found in animal origins. Plants contain second class proteins, so vegetarians need to eat from a wide range of sources to ensure they have amino acids |
| Is the EAR an accurate estimation of how much protein you should eat a day? | The EAR is an estimated daily figure for an average person of a certain body mass |
| Why would the EAR for protein vary for different people? | Depends on age (growing children need protein to support their growth), pregnancy (the baby needs protein in order to develop in the womb) and lactation (production of breast milk to feed the baby) |
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