Flashcards
L2 - Digestion and Assimilation
Cards in this deck (9)
- 1Mouth - saliva- Mastication starts process of digestion
- Some spp – saliva contains alpha – amylase
- Amylase breaks down starch into maltose
- Maltose – disaccharide of glucose.
- Amylase inhibited by stomach pH. - 2Stomach - gastric secretionsMucus - Protects lining. Produced in all parts.
Gastrin - Hormone - stimulates gastric gland to secrete. pepsinogen (chief cells) and HCl (parietal cells)
Pepsinogen- Acted upon by HCl to produce pepsin - endopeptidase.
HCl - Low pH needed for pepsin. Softens food, kills germs (and bacteria from rumen).
Rennin (chymosin) - Coagulates milk to < rate of passage (activated by HCl)
Lipase- Small amounts. Breaks down fat. - 3Small Intestineuodenum – jejunum - ileum
Majority of digestion and absorption
Surface area increased by villi - 4DuodenumSecretin/CCK - Hormones triggers secretion of bile from liver and bicarbonate and enzymes from pancreas
Bile - Common bile duct from liver carries bile salts – emulsifies fat, activates lipases
Pancreatic juices - Trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidases, pancreatic amylase, pancreatic lipase, bicarbonates
Intestinal juices - Bicarbonate, disaccharidases, peptidases, nucleotidase, enterokinase. - 5Jejunum:Specialised for the absorption of carbohydrates, proteins and fats
Villi and microvilli:
Inside each villus: network of blood capillaries and lymph vessels. - 6Ileum:Absorption of vitamin B12, bile salts (and anything not already absorbed)
Joins LI at Ileo-caecal junction - 7Large Intestine (caecum, colon and rectum)Caecum:
- Beginning of LI
- In herbivores, caecum is greatly enlarged and serves as a storage organ
Colon:
- Shorter length, larger diameter
- Reabsorption of water (osmosis)
- Active transport of Na
- Environment for bacteria to grow, reproduce and synthesise
- Elimination of waste via rectum and anus - 8Antibody uptake in embryos/newbornsNewborns – no immunity, need to get immunity from mother.
Immunoglobulins – large proteins, need to be absorbed whole – functional
Rabbits/humans – IgG absorbed across placenta. Milk IgA protects against enteric infections.
Bovines, rodents, cats – IgG absorbed across gut wall. - 9AssimilationThe absorption and digestion of food or nutrients by the body or any biological system.
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- 3rd Year Animal Nutrition Flashcards on L2 - Digestion and Assimilation, created by Jodie Ellement on 18/05/2017.
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- Jodie Ellement
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