Flashcards
Chemical Equilibrium
Cards in this deck (12)
- 1Open vs closed systemOpen - allows matter and energy to be exchanged with surroundings
Closed - allows only energy to be exchanged with surroundings - 2EquilibriumPoint at which the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction
- 3Equilibrium constant (Kc)Indicates relative concentrations of products to reactants
Kc has a constant value for all conditions of concentration and pressure, but does change with temperature - 4Reaction quotient (Q)Indicates relative concentrations at conditions other than equilibrium
Q = K only at equilibrium - 5Le Chatelier's PrincipleIf a change is imposed on a system at equilibrium, the system will partially counteract that change
- 6Effect of raising temperatureEquilibrium favours endothermic process
Both forward and reverse reaction rates increase, but rate of endothermic reaction increases more - 7Effect of catalystNo shift in equilibrium
Both forward and reverse reaction rates increase by the same amount - 8Effect of increasing concentration/partial pressure of a reactantEquilibrium favours forward reaction to decreases concentration of the reactant
Increased collision rate between reactant particles so forward reaction rate gradually decreases until it equals reverse reaction rate - 9Effect of increasing total pressure/decreasing volumeEquilibrium favours side with fewer gaseous molecules to decrease total pressure (NB: no shift in equilibrium if equal moles of gas on either side OR if no gases are present on either side)
1. If gases on both side, reaction rate is greater for the side with more gaseous molecules
2. If gases on one side, reaction rate for that side increases, no change to reverse reaction rate - 10Effect of adding inert gas1. Increases total pressure, not partial pressure
2. No change in eqm position (inert)
3. No change in reaction rate - 11Haber processConditions: medium temperature (500ºC), high pressure, catalyst Fe/Fe2O5
- 12Contact processConditions: medium temperature (500ºC), low pressure (negligible effect on RR and yield so atm pressure is used to lower economic cost and safety hazards), catalyst V2O5
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- Chemistry Y12 Flashcards on Chemical Equilibrium, created by Mel M on 20/05/2017.
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- Mel M
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