9208140
Description
Flashcards by Izzy Noone, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Izzy Noone
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What was Henry VII's foreign policy initially dictated by? | The circumstances surrounding his succession and his lack of money |
| What was Henry's foreign policy dictated by at the end of his reign? | Trade, dynastic expansion and his own succession. |
| When did Henry VII build truces with: -France -Scotland -The Habsburg Empire? | France 1485 Scotland 1486 The Habsburg Empire 1487 |
| Why did Henry see advantages to building a longer-term alliance with Spain? | As an insurance policy against any future problems with France |
| When was the Treaty of Medina del Campo? | 1489 |
| What did the Treaty of Medina del Campo entail? | England and Spain decided to work together to defend their lands and promised not to make agreements with France without consulting each other first |
| How did this affect trade? | It set up equal trading rights for merchants in both countries and fixed custom duties that tended to favour English merchants |
| How was the alliance deepened? | Arrangements were made for Prince Arthur to marry the daughter of the Spanish Monarchs. |
| Why were initially friendly relations with France put in jeopardy in 1488? | France tried to absorb Brittany between 1488 and 1492 which was an issue of national security because it made Calais vulnerable. |
| Why was it dangerous for Henry to rush into war with France? | Pretenders to the English throne were active in France. Funds for war were low |
| What were Henry's first actions against France? | He opened negotiations with France whilst at the same time secretly allowed English troops to cross to Brittany to help the Bretons repel the French army. |
| What happened when these maneuvers failed? | He tried to win support at home and abroad for a short campaign. |
| Why was Parliament summoned? | To make a grant of £100,000 to finance a small force (between 3000 to 6000 men) |
| What did Henry make clear when the army crossed the Channel in 1489? | It was acting in defense of Brittany and not going further and re-opening the longstanding English claims to French lands (100 years war) |
| Did these reassurances satisfy the French? | No. France showed their displeasure by allowing Perkin Warbeck at court and allowing more troops into Brittany |
| What risk did Henry take in the final stages of the war? | He led a larger force of 12,000 troops into Brittany, assuming that France did not want a long conflict. |
| Was Henry right? | Yes. France wanted to be free of commitments elsewhere as they had begun to be interested in the divisions within the Italian Peninsula. |
| What were the terms of the Treaty of Etaples (1492)? | Payment of 745,000 crowns to cover the costs of the expedition and an agreement by the French king not to support Henry's enemies. |
| What was the Hanseatic League? | A league of German towns which dominated trade in the Baltic. They aimed to maintain a monopoly there. |
| How did Henry's alliance with Spain hope to improve trade? | It was hoped it would encourage trade in the New World. |
| How did Henry's foreign policy change after the deaths of Arthur and Elizabeth? | It became more reactionary to the latest European situations. |
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