97054
| Question | Answer |
| As interviews are social interactions= less valid;1 Leading questions Influence through body language, facial expression, tone of voice Interviewer may indentify too closely with interviewee 2 artificial conditions 3 big status difference=less valid Eg age gender etc 4 cultural differences Eg different meanings to a word 5 social desirability 6 interviewee may feel pressure to answer q's | Improving validity; Kinsey's interview on sexual behaviour asked questions rapidly to give interviewee little time to think + he used some questions to check the answers of others to reduce the chances of lies He also followed up P's Also Becker used aggression disbelief+playing dumb to extract sensitive info from teachers about how they classified students However this approach relies onb the skills of the researcher |
| Young people-less intellectual+ linguistic skills Training needs to be more thorough as they don't keep to the point Knowledge of interview spreads=invalid data Permission may be hard to get Eg to interview a teacher needs permission from local authority Schools may be reluctant as interview may disrupt lessons or they may disagree with topic Parents permission required However a hierarchy can work in their favour | young people have less confidence + power=invalid Children see interviewer as an authority figure/teacher in disguise=less validity as children seek to please or change an answer if Q is repeated Improving validity; Greene+Hogan; use open ended q's, don't interrupt, tolerate long pauses+avoid repeating or leading q's Group interviews=safer env + reveal interactions but peer pressure=less validity |
| structured interviews; 1 Training is straightforward+inexpensive Cheap+ quick Large amounts of data Quantitative data 2 high response rate=repres but those willing to P will be similar=unreres 3 standardised+repeatable=reliable | 4 Close ended +people may exaggerate=invalid 5 inflexible+are snapshots 6 feminists argue they are patriarchal+give a distorted invalid view of female experiences The researcher has control like a man+they impose the researchers categories on women |
| Unstructured interviews; Advans; 1Allows rapport 2 gives the interviewee freedom to express their opinion 3 allows the researcher to check their understanding + allows the interviewee to check their understanding of Q 4 flexible 5 the sociologist can explore unfamiliar topics | Disadvans; 1 takes longer to complete =small sample Training needs to be more thorough Interviewer needs good personal skills 2 small sample=less representative 3 unstandardised= less reliable 4 Difficult to quantify + can't esyablish cause+effect 5 researcher influence=less valid |
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