CORPUS

CORPUS

1. DESIGN

   • WHO
     • LINGUISTS
       • SAME RELEVANCE
     • EXPERTS
   • HOW
     • TEXT CRITERIA
       • EXTERNAL
       • INTERNAL
     • REPRESENTATIVENESS
       • GENERAL
         • BALANCE
         • SAMPLING
       • SPECIALIZED
         • CLOSURE-SATURATION
       • SIZE
     • IMPLEMENTATION
   • WEB AS...
     • MULTIMODAL CORPUS
       • BUT ALSO POOR QUALITY
     • DIRECT QUERY TOOL
       • WEBCORP.ORG.UK
     • ONLINE CORPORA STORAGE
       • ENGLISH
         • BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERTSITY (FREE)
         • WORDBANKS ($)
       • SPANISH
         • CREA
         • CORDE
     • FOR CORPUS CORPUS CREATION
     • CORPORA SELF-CREATION TOOLS
       • SKETCHENGINE
       • BOOTCAT
       • HTTTrack
       • Detagger
       • Ant....

2. ANOTATION

   • DIFFERENT TO....
     • MARKUP
       • OBJECTIVE,
   • PROCESS OF ADDING,...
     • INTERPRETIVE LINGUISTICINFORMATION
   • NON ANOTATION
     • SIMPLE TEXT NO LINGUISTIC INFORMATION
   • REPOSITORY OF LINGUISTIC INFORMATION
     • WHY?
       • EASY & FAST INFORMATION RETRIEVAL
       • REUSABLE RESOURCES
       • MULTIFUNCTIONAL
       • EXPLICIT LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS
       • STANDARD REFERENCE RESOURCE
   • HOW?
     • MANUAL
       • EXPENSIVE & TIME-CONSUMING
     • AUTOMATIC
       • Part Of Speech TAGGING
       • LEMMATIZATION
       • + POST-EDITING
     • COMPUTER-ASSISTED
       • BEST RESULTS
         • HUMAN BRAINS ARE ALWAYS NEEDED!
   • ADDED VALUE
   • LEECH'S 7 MAXIMS
   • TYPES
     • MORPHOLOGIC
     • LEXICAL
       • TOKENISATION
         • TOKEN vs TYPE
       • POS TAGGING
         • UCREL CLAWS tagset
       • LEMMATIZATION
       • SEMANTIC
         • UCREL USAS
     • PHONOLOGIC
     • SYNTACTIC
     • ERROR TAGGING
     • DISCOURSE LEVEL
     • PROBLEM-SPECIFIC
   • Sinclair: BE CAREFUL

3. USES

   • Descriptive and empirical methodology based in the collection of linguistic data, either written texts or a transcription of recorded speech, which can be used as a starting-point for linguistic description or a means of verifying hypotheses about language.
     • IS
       • CORPUS LINGUISTICS

4. ANALYIS

   • CORPUS RESEARCH
     • COUNTING WORDS
       • TYPE-TOKEN RATIO
       • STANDARDISED TYPE/TOKEN RATIO
       • FREQUENCY
         • WORDLISTS
         • RELATIVE
           • =
             • Subgrop count/ Total count
         • NORMALISED
           • =
             • Number of occurrences/ Corpus size * Text length
         • USE OF DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
       • ZIP'F'S LAW
         • The frequency of any word is inversely proportional to its rank on the wordlist.
       • HAPAX LEGOMENON
         • a word that occurs only once within a context, either in the written record of an entire language
       • LEMMATISATION*
         • The process of determining the lemma for a given word
     • COUNTING WORD CO-OCURRENCES
       • CLUSTERS & N.GRAMS
         • EXAMPLE: GOOGLE NGRAMS
         • EXAMPLE
       • COLLOCATIONS
         • CO.OCCURRENCE
       • PATTERNS OF CO-.OCURRING LINGUISTIC FEATURES
       • COLLIGATIONS
         • GRAMMATICAL COMPANY
       • CONCORDANCES
     • KEYNESS
       • KEYWORDS
         • Words which are most unusually frequent. What the text is about

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