CURRICULUM HISTORY

CURRICULUM HISTORY

1. Historical Overview

   • Evolutionary Era
     • 1647: Establishment of schools for relogious education purpose. Horace Mann is linked to education efforts and called the father of American Public School
   • Modern Era
     • 18th-19th: New ideas about children and learning arise in Europe. Common School Movement. The expansion of the curriculum. First authotrs of learning: Jean Rousseau, Johan Pestalozzi, Friedich Froebel and Johann Herbart
   • Post Modern Era
     • 20th: Changes in U.S during civil rights period. Education for all became raised. the whole population have equal rights to learn and law

2. Curriculum Changes for Currect Application

   • Curriculum change is a learning process for teachers and for their schools. Good understanding of change and clear conception of curriculum are necessary conditions for im‐proved implementation of new curriculum into practice.
     • 1. Analyze current teaching practices and learning goals
     • 2. Re-examine the links between goals and course design
     • 3. Reconsider the role of assesment in the course
     • 4. Develop Teaching sstrategies and approacj
     • 8. Explore Curricualar Questiones
     • 7. Gather Data
     • 6. Brainstorm the Ideal Major
     • 5. Formulate, Deliberate and Assess Possible Reform Models

3. Adaptability of Curriculum in Modern sSchools

   • Curriculum integration and adaptation are strategies teachers employed to create equilibrium between teaching the content and skills, and the learning needs of the LCD students.
   • Curriculum integration and curriculum adaptation are conceptually individualized pedagogical approaches to address teachers’ perceptions of inadequate curriculum choices
   • Teachers used curriculum adaptation and integration to make curriculum decisions based on their beliefs about creativity and best practices learned throughout their experience as described by Nieto (2002).

4. Effectiveness of Curriculum in Current Class

   • Systematic: Agroup a set of activities or learning processes, organized in sequencess, ensuring congruency with the educational system
   • Coherent: The different curricular elements have an armony between them.
   • Flexible: Permits necessary settings for each level, searching a social relevance. it adapts itself to the changing needs of the environment, to the posibilities of the educational establishment and students' interest
   • Integral..: Articulates the subjects, the elements and the processes, which interven in the educative action and reach a balanced training
   • Linked to the economic, politic and social enrionment realityt: The content and activities of teaching- and learning are planned according to the enrionment characteristics, natural resources and technological advances

5. Alexander Nasimba