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Essay

YINNETH CUBILLA Spanish

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Essay

Academic essays
- It is clear and concise writing
Argumentative
- It focuses on developing and strengthening an argument.
  - Argumentative essays are written in the third person (he/she/they).
- Introduction
  - Reasons
    - First reason
      - A. Start with the least controversial reason to support your argument, explaining your point clearly as an overview
        1. First evidential support of your reason (known as confirmatio).
        2. Second evidential support of your reason, then third, and so on.
      - B. Summarize your first reason again and tie it together with evidential support
    - Second reason, etc.
      - A. Continue to list your reasons in the same format as the first. List your reasons from least to most controversial
    - Opposing
      - Conclusion
        A. Reiterate your position and thesis statement, drawing on your strongest evidential support and rebuttals of opposing points (known as peroratio)
        B. Wrap everything up with a thought-provoking ending or call to action (a suggestion you want the reader to take)
      - First opposing point of view
        A. Explain the reasoning of the opposing side. Point out their defenses and evidence—what would they say if they were writing the essay?
        1. Point out weaknesses and inconsistencies in their argument
        2. Refute their points with evidential support (known as refutatio)
        3. Reinforce your position as the more reasonable position
      - Second opposing point of view, etc.
        A. Continue to present and refute opposing points of view in the same format as the first
  - A. Open with a hook, something to keep the reader interested enough to read until the conclusion (known as exordium)
  - B. Give any background information or context necessary to understand the topic (known as narratio)
  - C. Provide a thesis statement explaining your stance and why you feel that way (known as proposito and partitio)
- An argumentative essay uses facts, data, and logical reasoning to substantiate a specific stance on any given topic.
Expository
- Intended to explain or describe something.
- It doesn't set out to prove a point, just to give a balanced view of its subject matter.
- Introduction
  - It is still necessary for your writing to reel in your audience.
  - A. Hook
  - B. Introduction to the topic
  - C. Thesis
- Body
  - Each body paragraph features a key point.
  - A. Source
  - B. Discussion of the main point in connection with the source
  - C. Transition to the next point or conclusion
- Conclusion
  - Avoid discussing final thoughts that weren't in the thesis or body paragraphs.
  - Throwing new information at the reader in the conclusion appears disorganized.
  - Restate your thesis in an interesting way and summarize the essay's main points.
  - A. Potential solution (optional)
  - B. Summary of the main point
  - C. Thesis is restated
Narrative
- Narrative is "story."
- A narrative essay uses a personal account to examine a theme.
- Introduction
  - A. Hook
  - B. Background information
  - C. Thesis statement
- Body Paragraphs
  - A. First event
  - B. Second event
  - C. Turning point
  - D. Climax
- Conclusion
  - A. Restate thesis
  - B. Reflection
  - C. Call to action
Descriptive
- Gives a vivid, detailed description of something—generally a place or object, but possibly something more abstract like an emotion.
- It puts your ability to use language in an original and creative way to the test.
- 1. Personal Essay
  - Here you need to describe an experience using your feelings and responses.
  - A few examples of personal essay topics might be: * Explaining your favourite movie and its impact on you * Reflecting on your birthday and all the things that have shaped you in the past
- 2. Formal Description
  - This type of descriptive writing resembles an argumentative essay.
  - Topics for formal descriptions can include: * A descriptive essay about climate change, politics, or historical events. * A news story that provides a summary of an event or information about the place where it occurred.
- Introduction
  - 1. Hook Sentence
  - 2. Context/Background Information
  - 3. Thesis Statement
- Body Paragraph(s)
  - A. Start with a topic sentence
  - B. Add sensory details.
  - C. Include actual details.
- Conclusion
  - A. Reflect on the initial purpose of the work.
  - B. Signify the Importance of the Details
  - C. Clincher Statement