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653870
Central role of discrete mathematics in information technology and communications
Description
Mind Map on Central role of discrete mathematics in information technology and communications, created by monkey_prankss on 20/03/2014.
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monkey_prankss
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monkey_prankss
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Resource summary
Central role of discrete mathematics in information technology and communications
OBJECTIVE
Familiarize students with main mathematical concepts
Computer
finite structure= finite mathematics
Language of predicate logic
Logic & computers
studies notions, judments and reasoning as well as the laws of correct reasoning
formal language
formulas
Intended meaning
inferences
OBJETIVES
systematization of what we do daily
APLICATIONS
switching and logic networks, introduction to PROLOG , verification of correctness of computers programs
PREDICATE LOGIC
system of formal logic
connevtives AND, OR, NOT, IMPLIES, EQUIVALENT and QUANTIFIERS
associates a truth strcuture
predicates are statements about objects, their properties and relationship with other objects
only things can be arguments
predicates are terms
Fuzzy logic
generalizes the classical (two-valued) logic and includes many valued logic
make inferences from information that is imprecise, incomplete, uncertain or paryially true
imprecise knowledge
values of functions [ 0,1]
indicates the degree of membership
theory of fuzzy subsets
generalization of the usual sets theory
contruction of membership
reflects the context within the concrete problem is being studied
Random
results from incertitude
shows the existence of varios degrees of belonging
allows implementing approximat reasoning
general knowledge
computationally simpler and faster than other
philosophical view
depends on the semantic interpretation of every fuzzy predicate
capacity to model linguistic knowledge
why do we need it ?
Showing that a problem can be solved by a computer program
translating problem description into a program language
arguing that a computer is correct and efficient
applying the new techniques of programming which require the mastery of different aspects of logic
Computer organization
Computer program viewed as a formula
has
Formal syntax, proof rules
Integrated circuits, transistors,resistors,capacitors, and other electronic components
transistors act as amplifiers or switches
switches are combined to form logic gates
bricks of implementation
Boolean alegebra
IMPORTANCE
Knowledge management,software engineering, programing languages/ data structures, hardware topics
GRAPHS & TREES
Neural nets
Interconnected assemblies of simple processing elements
vertices: placed on ordered layers
arrows: only between a vertex on layer l and a vertex on layer l+1, has weught (+ or -)
Semantic nets
vertices: represent objects
arrows: relationships between objects
Bayesian
acylic graphs
vertex: represent a random variable
arrow: conditional dependence
Minimum spanning trees
sub-graphs of weighted and connected graph
contain all vertices
Binary trees
mathematical & logical expressions
possibly involving parentheses
vertices : represent operators
leaves: represent values
References
Gersting,J., Mathematical Structures for Computer Science, Freeman& Cie,2003
Hein,J.L., Discrete Mathematucs, Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 1996.
Rosen,H.K,Discrete Mathematics,McGraw-Hill,2003
Reghis,M.Roventa.E,Clasical and Fuzzy Concepsts in Mathematical Logic and Applications, CRCPress 1998
Zadeh,L.A.,Probability Theory and Fuzzy Logic are Complementary rather than Competitive, Technometrics,August 1995, Vol.37,No.3
Zadeh,L.A.,Toward a Generalized Theory of Uncertainty(GTU)-An Outline,Information Sciences,Elsevier,Vol.172,pp.1-40,2005
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