Key topics in B2a

Animal cells
1. Nucleus
  1. Contains chromosomes made of DNA
  2. Controls activities of the cell
2. Cytoplasm
  1. Jelly like substance containing chemicals
  2. Most chemical reactions of the cell occur here
3. Cell membrane
  1. Thin layer around the cell
  2. Controls movement of substances into and out of the cell
4. Mitochondria
  1. Rod shaped
  2. Release energy from sugar during in aerobic desperation
5. Ribosomes
  1. Ball shaped
  2. Where proteins are made
Plant cells
1. Cell wall
  1. Layer outside the membrane
  2. Cellulose
2. Chloroplasts
  1. Small discs found in cytoplasm
  2. Contain green pigment chlorophyll
    1. Chlorophyll traps light energy for photosynthesis
3. Vacuole
  1. Fluid filled cavity
    1. Cell sap
      1. Helps support the cell
4. Cytoplasm
5. Nucleus
6. Cell membrane
Diffusion
1. partiicles move in and out of cells
2. concentration gradient
  1. high to low concentration
3. factors that affect the rate of diffusion
  1. increase of temperature= more energy= faster diffusion
  2. shorter distance+ faster diffusion
  3. concentration gradient
    1. grater difference= faster diffusion
  4. greater surface area = faster diffusion
Organs/tissues
1. Tissue
  1. Group of similar cells organised together
    1. Similar structure and function
  2. muscular
  3. gandular
  4. epithenlial
2. organs
  1. group of tissues working together
    1. Enter text here
Photosynthesis
Leaf structure and adaptions
1. Ooleaves are designed for making food by photosynthesis
2. Waxy cuticle
3. Upper epidermis
4. Chloroplast
5. Paliside mesophyll layer
6. Spongy mesophyll layer
7. Stoma
8. Air space
Rate of photosynthesis
Quadrats/transects

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Key topics in B2a

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	Created by Ellie Sweatman over 10 years ago