Flashcards
Biology B2.1
Cards in this deck (49)
- 1NucleusControls the cells activities
- 2CytoplasmWhere chemical reactions take place
- 3Cell MembraneControls the movement of what goes in and out of the cell
- 4MitochondriaReleases energy during aerobic respiration
- 5RibosomesWhere protein synthesis takes place
- 6Cell WallMade of cellulose for support
- 7ChloroplastsContains chlorophyll for photosynthesis. Absorbs light energy
- 8Bacteria are much .... than animal and plant cellsSmaller
- 9Yeast is aSingle-celled organism
- 10Parts of a bacteria cellCell Membrane, Cell Wall, Cytoplasm, Slime Capsule, Plasmids, Flagella, Genetic Material
- 11Bacteria don't have a .... so ....Nucleus so the genetic material is in the cytoplasm
- 12When bacteria multiply they form a ....Colony
- 13What are specialised cells?They are cells that have a different structure that is linked to its function
- 14Example of a cell with lots of mitochondriaMuscle cell, sperm cell
- 15Example of cells that have lots of ribosomes (to make lots of protein)Gland cells which produce enzymes
- 16Example of a cell with a tail to moveSperm cell
- 17Example of a receptor cell to detect stimuliCone cells in the eye
- 18Neurons are specialised to carry impulses from .... to the ....Receptors to the CNS (central nervous system)
- 19Example of a cell with many chloroplastsMesophyll cells of a leaf
- 20Root hair cells increase the surface area of the root so...It can absorb water and mineral ions efficiently
- 21Why does a muscle cell have lots of Mitochondria?Muscles need energy for movement
- 22What is diffusion?Diffusion is the spreading out of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration of a gas or particles in solution
- 23The difference in concentration of particles between two areas is calledConcentration gradient
- 24What determines the net movement of particles across a cell membrane?The concentration of particles on each side of the cell membrane
- 25Example of diffusion:Diffusion of oxygen from the bloodstream to the cells during respiration.
Diffusion of carbon dioxide int photosynthesising cells.
Diffusion of simple sugars and amino acids from the gut through cell membranes. - 26Tissue is a group of cells with similar ...Structure and function
- 27Organs are made up of several types of tissueCell -> Tissue -> Organ System -> Whole Body
- 28(Animal) Muscle TissueCan contract and bring about movement
- 29(Animal) Glandular TissueProduces substances such as enzymes or hormones
- 30(Animal) Epithelial TissueCovers some parts of the body
- 31(Plant) MesophyllCan photosynthsise
- 32(Plant) Xylem and PhloemTransports substances around the plant
- 33(Plant) Epidermal TissueCovers the plant
- 34What tissue is the stomach organ made out of?Muscular tissue to churn the stomach contents.
Glandular tissue to produce digestive juices.
Epithelial tissue to cover the outside and inside of the stomach. - 35During the development of multicellular organisms the cells ...Differentiate
- 36the food you eat must be changed from insoluble molecules to...Soluble molecules
- 37The soluble food molecules are absorbed into the...Blood
- 38The digestive system is adapted to...Exchange substances with the envrionment
- 39Plant organs include:Stem, leafs and roots
- 40The digestive system includes:Glands (pancreas, salivary glands to produce digestive juices).
The stomach and small intestine.
The liver which produces bile.
The small intestine where soluble food is absorbed.
The large intestine where water from undigested food is absorbed. - 41What structures are found in both animal and plant cells?Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Ribosomes - 42What three features are found in a plant/algal cell but not an animal cell?Chloroplast
Cell Wall
Vacuole - 43Where do most chemical reactions take place in a cell?Cytoplasm
- 44What organs are in the human digestive system?Glands
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Liver to produce bile - 45What chemical produced by the liver aids digestion?Bile
- 46What are two differences between a plant leaf cell and a yeast cell?Leaf cell has chloroplast and a cell wall and a yeast cell doesn't.
- 47What is meant by the term 'differentiation of cells'?When cells change to from particular cells with different functions.
- 48How is a leaf adapted to carry out photosynthesis?It has mesophyll tissue with lots of chloroplast which absorbs light
- 49What happens, in detail, to food as it passes through the digestive system?It is mixed with digestive juices produced by the glands where it is then digested in the stomach and small intestine. Bile is added by the liver to aid the digestion. Absorption of the soluble food then takes place in the small intestine where the water from insoluble food in absorbed by the large intestine producing faeces.
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- Biology B2.1. I have taken information from the official AQA Revision guide as this is a more effective way of revision for me.
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- Jade Allatt
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