7463413
Description
Mind Map by Haaris Iqbal, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Haaris Iqbal
over 7 years ago
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Pathogens: Viruses, Bacteria, Fungi &
Protists
- Viruses
- Viruses range in size from
about 20 to 400
nanometres in diameter.
- Viruses reproduce
inside a body cell
and then destroy it
when they burt out.
- Viruses can affect your whole body,
such as with an influenza virus, leaving
you with all over muscle soreness and
fever. Sometimes a virus can attack
your nervous system causing serious
illness.
- Viruses range in size from
about 20 to 400
nanometres in diameter.
- What Are Pathogens?
- Microorganisms that cause disease are called Pathogens
- Bacteria can reproduce
rapidly inside the body.
They may produce toxins
(poisons) that make up
feel ill.
- Viruses reproduce inside a
body cell then destroy it
when they burst out. The
viruses then invade other
cells.
- Microorganisms that cause disease are called Pathogens
- Bacteria
- Most bacteria are 0.2 um in diameter and 2-8 um in
length. The three basic bacterial shapes are coccus
(spherical), bacillus (rod-shaped), and spiral
(twisted), however pleomorphic bacteria can assume
several shapes.
- Bacteria reproduce by binary fission. In this process
the bacterium, which is a single cell, divides into two
identical daughter cells. Binary fission begins when the
DNA of the bacterium divides into two (replicates).
- Bacterial infections disrupt the normal
functions of the body and cause all kinds of
illnesses. They injure the cells and tissues of
the body, compromise the immune system,
and deplete nutrients in the body.
- Most bacteria are 0.2 um in diameter and 2-8 um in
length. The three basic bacterial shapes are coccus
(spherical), bacillus (rod-shaped), and spiral
(twisted), however pleomorphic bacteria can assume
several shapes.
- Fungi
- The sizes of fungi vary greatly depending on the
type of fungus. In general, most microscopic—or
smaller—fungi are 2 to 10 micrometers
- The reproduction of fungi can be either sexual or
asexual. Sexual reproduction, as with other organisms,
involves the fusion of two nuclei when two sex cells
unite. This joining produces spores that can grow into
new organisms. However, the majority of fungi
reproduce asexually.
- Skin fungal infections thrive in warm, moist areas of
the body, such as in the armpits or groin. ... Athlete's
foot, yeast infections, jock itch, ringworm and some
skin rashes are the result of certain types of fungi
that can build up on the skin and mucus membranes
to cause fungal infections.
- The sizes of fungi vary greatly depending on the
type of fungus. In general, most microscopic—or
smaller—fungi are 2 to 10 micrometers
- Protists
- The smallest protist. The smallest known free-living
eukaryotes are marine picoplankton, of which the
best-studied is Ostreococcus tauri. These organisms
are so small (about 1 micrometer in diameter) that
they are near the limit of resolution of ordinary light
microscopes.
- Protists can reproduce asexually through
binary fission, one nucleus divides; multiple
fission, many nuclei divide; and budding.
During both types of fission the organism
replicates its nucleus and divides to form
new organisms. Budding occurs when a new
organism grows from the body of its parent.
- four basic types of protozoans
afflict humans, which are classified
in the groups Sarcodina,
Mastigophora, Ciliophora and
Sporozoa.
- The smallest protist. The smallest known free-living
eukaryotes are marine picoplankton, of which the
best-studied is Ostreococcus tauri. These organisms
are so small (about 1 micrometer in diameter) that
they are near the limit of resolution of ordinary light
microscopes.
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