3.2 Chromosomes

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DP IB Biology (03 Genetics) Mind Map on 3.2 Chromosomes, created by Steve Harton on 20/05/2014.
Steve Harton
Mind Map by Steve Harton, updated more than 1 year ago
Steve Harton
Created by Steve Harton over 10 years ago
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Resource summary

3.2 Chromosomes
  1. Nature of Science
    1. Autoradiography was used to establish the length of DNA molecules in chromosomes
      1. Cairns' technique
        1. Comparison of genome size
          1. T2 phage
            1. Escherichia coli
              1. Drosophila melanogaster
                1. Homo sapiens
                  1. Paris japonica
                  2. Aim 6
                    1. Staining root tips
                    2. Aim 7
                      1. Use of databases to identify gene loci and protein products of genes
                2. The number of chromosomes is a characteristic feature of members of a species
                  1. Prokaryotes
                    1. Naked Circular DNA
                      1. Plasmid
                      2. Eukaryotes
                        1. Linear DNA with histone proteins
                          1. Nucleus
                            1. Diploid (2n)
                              1. Have pairs of homologous chromosomes
                                1. Homologous chromosomes carry the same sequence of genes but no necessarily the same alleles of those genes
                                2. Comparison of 2n chromosome numbers
                                  1. Pan troglodytes
                                    1. Oryza sativa
                                      1. Parascaris equorum
                                        1. Homo sapiens
                                          1. Canis familiaris
                                        2. Haploid (n)
                                          1. One chromosome of each pair
                                  2. Karyogram vs Karyotype
                                    1. A karyogram shows the chromosomes of an organism in homologous pairs of decreasing length
                                      1. Sex chromosomes vs Autosomal chromosomes
                                        1. Deduce sex and diagnose Down syndrome
                                      2. International-mindedness
                                        1. Sequencing of the rice genome involved cooperation between biologists in 10 countries
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