SUCCESS & FAILURE OF DIETING

SUCCESSFUL DIETING --------- some studies show that restrained eating can successfully lead to reduced intake: Kirkley et al, Wadden et al, Glenny et al, these studies found diet\ary interventions involving strategies such as calorie control, cognitive behavioural therapy & healthy eating resulted in substantial changes in eating behaviour & weight in matter of months
1. FACTORS OF SUCCESSFUL DIETING ------------- researchers believe 4 factors are needed to diet successfully:
  1. model of obesity that focuses on behaviour as central part of person's weight problem.
  2. person avoiding state of denial where they don't want to eat but do
  3. person creating situation where food isn't regarded as rewarding
  4. person establishing new identity as thinner person
  5. RESEARCH ----------- Rodin et al - Ps beliefs about causes of obesity & motivation to lose weight were the primary psychological predictors of weight loss.... Williams et al found motivation was primary predictor of weight loss & weight maintenance... Kierman et al found people who were dissatisfied about body shape were most successful dieters, suggesting physical attractiveness is primary motivation for weight loss
    1. CONTINUED ----------- Ogden examined diet features of weight loss maintainers, weight loss regainers & people who were consistently obese. Found weight loss maintainers were more likely to adopt model of consequences of obesity, were motivated to lose weight because of positive psychological factors & were less likely to adopt cause & effect model of weight loss.... Ogden & Hills researchers interviewed successful weight loss maintainers. Found weight loss was often triggered by key life events which translated into long term behaviour if number of conditions were met: Behavioural model of obesity; Reduction in what & when Ps ate; Reduction in benefits & functions of food; Creating new identity as thinner, healthier person
DIETING ------------- Dieting involves trying to eat less than usual by placing a cognitive limit on food intake. Research shows that up to 70% of women diet at some point in their lives. Herman & Mack/Herman & Pollivy developed restraint theory to explain causes & consequences of dieting. Theory states dieting can either be successful, resulting in eating less & weight loss, or unsuccessful, resulting in overeating & weight gain
UNSUCCESSFUL DIETING -------------- other studies found dieting can be unsuccessful resulting in overeating: most research in this area involves use of 'preload/taste test' method, in which Ps are given sample of food before their food intake is measured in taste test. this allows food intake to be measured in controlled setting: Rudderman & Wilson Ps were given either high or low calorie preload. Were then asked to take part in taste test. Ps left alone to eat foods & the amount of time they took was recorded (although Ps weren’t aware). Found restrained eaters consumed more than unrestrained eaters regardless of size preload
1. Herman & Mack was carried out to demonstrate effects of disinhibition on restrained eaters. Herman & Pollivy defined disinhibition as eating more as a result of loosening restraints in response to emotional distress, intoxication or preloading. Researchers gave group of dieters & non dieters a high or low calorie preload. Found dieters consumed more in subsequent taste test when given high calorie preload – they’d suffered from disinhibition in response to preload.
2. Findings widely cited in English speaking countries. Study challenged contemporary ideas about eating behaviour. Finding that trying not to eat could result in overeating was reflective of real life experience of many dieters
  1. Some scientific credibility was carried out in lab setting
    1. Used small sample, so caution needs to be taken when generalising findings to external population

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SUCCESS & FAILURE OF DIETING

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	Created by melissafrost12 almost 11 years ago