Theoretical Models

Theoretical Models

1. Online Collaborative Model (OCL)

   • Model of learning in which students are encouraged and supported to work together to create knowledge: to invent, to explore ways to innovate, and, by so doing, to seek the conceptual knowledge needed to solve problems rather than recite what they think is the right answer.
   • Discussion Forums - core component of teaching
   • Idea generating, idea organizing, and intellectual convergence
   • The teacher plays a key role not as a fellow-learner, but as the link to the knowledge community, or state of the art in that discipline.
   • Not the extrinsic activity that counts, but the intrinsic value of the discussion

2. Community of Inquiry (CoI)

   • An educational community of inquiry is a group of individuals who collaboratively engage in purposeful critical discourse and reflection to construct personal meaning and confirm mutual understanding.
   • Social presence, Teaching presence, Cognitive presences

3. E-Learning Theory

   • Cognitive science principles
   • Cognitive Load Theory
   • Minimizing extraneous cognitive load and introducing germane and intrinsic loads
   • Other Principles include: modality, coherence, contiguity, segmenting, signaling, control, personalize, pre-training, redundancy, and expertise effect

4. Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning

   • Dual channel, Limited capacity, Active processing
   • Working memory, long-term memory, deep working memory

5. ARCHS Model of Motivation Design

   • Attention: perceptual arousal or inquiry arousal
   • Relevance: experience, future usefulness, needs matching, modeling, choice
   • Confidence: likelihood, probability, meaningfulness, growth, feedback, learner control for success
   • Satisfaction: learning that is rewarding, useful, and appreciative.

6. Flow Theory

   • Focus Goals
   • Eliminate Distractions
   • Match Student Skills and Course Level
   • Create a Supportive Environment
   • Create Order Through Rules
   • Let Students Express Themselves
   • Provide Timely and Consistent Feedback