Mind map

An unimmunized child

ali qwe English

Map content

organisms
- may effect
  - host
    - steps of infection
      - Attachment to Host
        Invasion
        Colonization and Growth
        Adaptation
        Shedding From Body
        Cause Damage in Host
        by
        Endotoxin
        example
        E.coli, Salmonella typhi, Shigella
        exotoxin
        example
        Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pyogenes
- can be
  - normal flora
    - in the lungs
      - Prevotella
      - Sphingomonas
      - Pseudomonas
      - Veillonella
      - Streptococcus
      - Staphylococcus
      - Acinetobacter
      - Fusobacterium
      - Megasphaera
  - harmful
    - In the lung
      - Moraxella catarrhalis
      - Haemophilus influenza
      - Streptococcus pneumoniae
    - bordetela pertusis
      - causes
        Whooping cough
        complication
        Encephalopathy
        Apnea
        Convulsions
        Pneumonia
        Rib fractures
        Death
        Loss of bladder control
        symptomes
        Sneezing
        Runny nose
        Low fever
        Mild coughing
        cough reflex
        phases
        inspiratory phase
        Compressive phase
        expiratory phase
    - Prevention
      - vaccine
        Immunization is the process whereby a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease. Vaccines cause immunization but there are other ways in which the process can occur
        types
        ATTENUATED VACCINES
        contain a version of the living microbe that has been weakened in the lab so it can’t cause disease
        Measles, mumps, rubella
        INACTIVATED VACCINES
        Scientists produce inactivated vaccines by killing the disease-causing microbe with chemicals, heat, or radiation.
        Polio , Hepatitis A
        TOXOID VACCINES
        These vaccines are used when a bacterial toxin is the main cause of illness.
        Diphtheria, tetanus
        SUBUNIT VACCINES
        Instead of the entire microbe, subunit vaccines include only the antigens that best stimulate the immune system
        Hepatitis B, Influenza A & B
        CONJUGATE VACCINES
        If a bacterium possesses an outer coating of sugar molecules called polysaccharides, as many harmful bacteria do, researchers may try making a conjugate vaccine for it
        Neisseria , Streptococcus pneumoniae
        DNA VACCINES
        Once the genes from a microbe have been analyzed, scientists could attempt to create a DNA vaccine against it
        AIDS
        Type of admistration
        myth
        characteristics of good vaccine
        causes
        immunization
        epidimiology
        disease outbreak
        is the occurrence of cases of disease in excess of what would normally be expected in a defined community, geographical area or season
        Epidemic
        is the rapid spread of infectious disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time
        Pandamic
        is an infectious disease that has spread through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide
        types
        Active
        natural
        bacterial or viral invasion
        artificial
        Vaccine
        Passive
        natural
        From mother to child
        artificial
        Antibodies
        A vaccine is a product that produces immunity from a disease and can be administered in a variety of ways
        schadual
        Herd immunity
    - Treatment and management
      - Complementary
        If a non-mainstream practice is used together with conventional medicine
      - Alternative
        If a non-mainstream practice is used in place of conventional medicine
      - preventative
        Primal and Primodial prevention / Primary prevention / Secondary prevention / Tertiary prevention / Quaternary prevention