GCSE Biology 4 OCR - The Processes of Life

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Flash cards from the CGP revision guide to help you with your GCSEs
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Flashcards by blairzy123, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by blairzy123 almost 10 years ago
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Question Answer
What is the function of: the nucleus contains DNA (the instructions for making proteins)
What is the function of: the cyptoplasm gel like substance where proteins (like enzymes) are made
What is the function of: cell membrane holds the cell together and controls what enters and leaves the cell
What is the function of: mitochondria Where the enzymes needed for reactions of aerobic respiration are found
Name 3 things that plant cells have that animal cells do and give their function. Cell wall- supports and strengthens the cell Vacuole- contains cell sap, a weak solution of sugar and salts Chloroplasts - where the reactions for photosynthesis occur
Yeast cells have mitochondria and a nucleus. True or False? True
What type of cells have a cell wall but no nucleus? Bacterial cells (instead they have a circular molecule of DNA floating within the cytoplasm)
Give a definition of an enzyme Enzymes are proteins produced by living things that help speed up chemical reactions
Describe the lock and key model
Name two things that effect how an enzyme works Temperature and pH
What is a denatured enzyme? where the bonds in the active site break and change shape, so that the substrate no longer fits
Name three things that energy from respiration is used for Movement Active transport Synthesis of larger molecules
What type of respiration, aerobic or anaerobic releases more energy per glucose molecule? aerobic respiration
Write the word equation for aerobic respiration glucose+oxygen -> carbon dioxide+water+energy
Write the symbol equation for aerobic respiration C6H12O6 +6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
Give an example of when humans respire anaerobically during vigorous exercise (when the body can't supply oxygen to the muscles for aerobic respiration)
Anaerobic respiration releases energy. What else does it release in: Animal cells? Lactic acid
Anaerobic respiration releases energy. What else does it release in: Yeast cells? Ethanol and Carbon Dioxide
Briefly describe how bread is made using yeast. The yeast ferments the carbohydrates in the bread and release CO2 and cause the bread to rise
Briefly describe the process of photosynthesis Photosynthesis is a series of chemical reactions that uses energy from sunlight to produce food
Write the word equation for photosynthesis Carbon dioxide + Water -> Glucose + Oxygen
Write the symbol equation for photosynthesis 6CO2+6H2O = C6H12O6+6O2
Give three main ways in which plants use glucose Respiration Chemicals in growth Stored as starch
Name three factors that can effect the rate of photosynthesis Light Carbon Dioxide Temperature
Describe how to take a transect Run a tape measure between two points Start at one end, collecting the data you want, then move along the transect and collect data you want
Describe how you might use a quadrat when investigating plants It helps you estimate the percentage cover of a plant species on the ground, by counting how much of the quadrat is covered by the species
What's an identification key? A series of questions you can use to try and figure out what a plant is
Give a definition of diffusion The passive overall movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration
Give two examples of chemicals that can move in or out of leaf cells by diffusion CO2 taken in for photosynthesis O2 excreted in photosynthesis
What is osmosis? The overall movement of water from a dilute to a more concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane
Give two ways in which active transport differs from diffusion It requires energy It moves particles from a low concentration to a higher concentration
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