K9/Feline Nematodes

K9/Feline Nematodes

1. Spirocerca lupi

   • Dogs/Wild Canids PPP 6 monthsIH: dung beetleDx: float, endoscopy, radiographTx: off label MCLOsteosarcoma, migrating larvae could rupture aorta

2. Physaloptera spp.

   • PPP 8-10 wks ulcers, vomitting Can use either vomit or feces to float bloody feces, catarrhal gastritis Egg ~45um Dogs AND Cats

3. Ascarids

   • L2 in egg infectiveadults in small intestine Dx: float or necropsy
   • Toxocara canis
     • VLM!hepatotracheal migrationAll modes of infection often seen w/ T. leonina
   • Toxocara cati
     • 60*80um egg PO, PH, TM is rare PPP 4-8wks VLM is rare ~4% SKB cats
   • Toxocara leonina
     • Dogs AND cats PO, PH PPP 10-11wks generally non pathogenic

4. Hookworms

   • Anthelmintic treatmentsMostly use float for DxAdults in Small Intestine PPP~2-3wks
   • Ancylostoma caninum
     • dogs and foxes All modes of infection!
   • Ancylostoma tubaeforme
     • cats PO, PC, PH ~88% SKB cats infected
   • Ancylostoma braziliense
     • CLM! less pathogenic PO, PH, PC both dogs and cats
   • Uncinaria stenocephala
     • PO, PCless pathogenicCLM dogs, cats, foxes

5. Strongyloides stercoralis

   • PO, PC, TM, TP Direct PPP 10-14 days Dx: float or Baermann for Egg w/ L1

6. Trichuris spp

   • Egg ~80X35um, can survive 3-4 years ~71% of SKB catsDogs and CatsInfective L1 in egg PPP 6-12 wksInfects cecum possibly causing cecal mucosa inflammation

7. Capillaria spp

   • Infects: bladder, intestine, or airway IH: Earthworm PPP~6wks...unless in bladder then PPP ~2months

8. Dictophyme renale

   • PPP up to 2 years Dx: egg in urinalysis IH: earthworm, frog, fish right kidney generally effected moreso

9. Oslerus osleri

   • L1 infective PPP 10-18wks Dx: Baermann for L1 Dogs and Wild carnivores

10. Aelurostrongylus abstrusus

    • Dx: float or Baermann for L1 PPP 6-12 wks Indirect life cycle

11. Dirofilaria immitis

    • Distal pulmonary arteries, right heart, caudal vena cava Wolbachia spp