12763991
Description
Mind Map by Shravani Chingre, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Shravani Chingre
about 6 years ago
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Gas Exchange
- Name and identify the lungs, diaphragm,
ribs, intercostal muscles, larynx, trachea,
bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli and associated
capillaries
- Lungs
- each of the pair of organs situated within
the ribcage, consisting of elastic sacs with
branching passages into which air is
drawn, so that oxygen can pass into the
blood and carbon dioxide be removed.
- each of the pair of organs situated within
the ribcage, consisting of elastic sacs with
branching passages into which air is
drawn, so that oxygen can pass into the
blood and carbon dioxide be removed.
- Diaphragm
- It expands when you
inhale and contracts
one exhales
- It expands when you
inhale and contracts
one exhales
- Ribs
- The rib cage has three
important functions:
protection, support
and respiration. It
encloses and protects
the heart and lung
- The rib cage has three
important functions:
protection, support
and respiration. It
encloses and protects
the heart and lung
- Intercostal muscles
- intercostal muscles are several groups
of muscles that run between the ribs,
and help form and move the chest wall.
The intercostal muscles are mainly
involved in the mechanical aspect of
breathing. These muscles help expand
and shrink the size of the chest cavity
to facilitate breathing.
- intercostal muscles are several groups
of muscles that run between the ribs,
and help form and move the chest wall.
The intercostal muscles are mainly
involved in the mechanical aspect of
breathing. These muscles help expand
and shrink the size of the chest cavity
to facilitate breathing.
- Larynx
- the hollow muscular organ
forming an air passage to the
lungs and holding the vocal cords
in humans and other mammals;
the voice box.
- the hollow muscular organ
forming an air passage to the
lungs and holding the vocal cords
in humans and other mammals;
the voice box.
- Trachea
- a large membranous tube reinforced by
rings of cartilage, extending from the
larynx to the bronchial tubes and
conveying air to and from the lungs; the
windpipe.
- a large membranous tube reinforced by
rings of cartilage, extending from the
larynx to the bronchial tubes and
conveying air to and from the lungs; the
windpipe.
- Bronchi/Bronchiloes
- The bronchioles or bronchioli are the
passageways by which air passes through the
nose or mouth to the alveoli (air sacs) of the
lungs, in which branches no longer contain
cartilage or glands in their submucosa. They
are branches of the bronchi and are part of
the conducting zone of the respiratory
system.
- The bronchioles or bronchioli are the
passageways by which air passes through the
nose or mouth to the alveoli (air sacs) of the
lungs, in which branches no longer contain
cartilage or glands in their submucosa. They
are branches of the bronchi and are part of
the conducting zone of the respiratory
system.
- Alveoli
- ~1 cell thin to reduce the diffusion
pathway.~Moist to allow gas exchange to
happen more easily.~ The large surface area
to increase gas exchange. ~A large number
of capillaries.
- ~1 cell thin to reduce the diffusion
pathway.~Moist to allow gas exchange to
happen more easily.~ The large surface area
to increase gas exchange. ~A large number
of capillaries.
- Capillaries
- The function of capillaries is to allow food and oxygen to
diffuse to cells while wasting (carbon dioxide) is diffused
from cells. Capillaries have thin walls - only one cell thick -
that allow them to effectively perform their function.
They have thin walls to reduce the diffusion pathway of
nutrients.
- The function of capillaries is to allow food and oxygen to
diffuse to cells while wasting (carbon dioxide) is diffused
from cells. Capillaries have thin walls - only one cell thick -
that allow them to effectively perform their function.
They have thin walls to reduce the diffusion pathway of
nutrients.
- Lungs
- List the features of gas
exchange
- surfaces in humans, limited
to the large surface area, thin
surface, good blood supply
and good ventilation with air
- surfaces in humans, limited
to the large surface area, thin
surface, good blood supply
and good ventilation with air
- State the differences in
composition between inspired
and expired air
- Inspired air contains mostly the normal
components of air which is nitrogen and
oxygen. The body only needs
oxygen.Expired air has mostly water
vapour and carbon dioxide.
- Inspired air contains mostly the normal
components of air which is nitrogen and
oxygen. The body only needs
oxygen.Expired air has mostly water
vapour and carbon dioxide.
- Use limewater as a test for
carbon dioxide to
investigate the differences
in composition between
inspired and expired air
- The limewater turns milky by the presence of
carbon dioxide. So when one exhales on
limewater the limewater turns milky,
conforming the preassence of carbon dioxide
in expired air.
- The limewater turns milky by the presence of
carbon dioxide. So when one exhales on
limewater the limewater turns milky,
conforming the preassence of carbon dioxide
in expired air.
- Investigate and describe the effects
of physical activity on rate and depth
of breathing
- Physical activity causes your
pulse rate to increase. Your
breathing becomes faster and
heavier.
- Physical activity causes your
pulse rate to increase. Your
breathing becomes faster and
heavier.
- Explain the effects of physical
activity on rate and depth of
breathing
- The increased carbon dioxide
concentration in the blood,
causing an increased rate of
breathing
- The increased carbon dioxide
concentration in the blood,
causing an increased rate of
breathing
- Explain the role of goblet
cells, mucus and ciliated
cells
- protecting the gas exchange
system from pathogens and
particles
- protecting the gas exchange
system from pathogens and
particles
- State what tobacco
smoking can cause
- chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease
(COPD), lung cancer and
coronary heart disease
- chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease
(COPD), lung cancer and
coronary heart disease
- Describe the effects on the gas exchange system
of tobacco smoke and its major toxic
components, limited to carbon monoxide,
nicotine and tar
- So tar and nicotine clog up your alveoli allowing less space or
surface area for gas exchange to take place. This also slows down
and makes it harder for gas exchange to happen.Carbon monoxide
is deadly because haemoglobin prefers carbon monoxide more
than oxygen. This means that gradually your blood will be filled
with carbon monoxide instead of oxygen while your cells wont be
getting the oxygen it needs. This means you will be deprived of
oxygen and suffocate and die.
- So tar and nicotine clog up your alveoli allowing less space or
surface area for gas exchange to take place. This also slows down
and makes it harder for gas exchange to happen.Carbon monoxide
is deadly because haemoglobin prefers carbon monoxide more
than oxygen. This means that gradually your blood will be filled
with carbon monoxide instead of oxygen while your cells wont be
getting the oxygen it needs. This means you will be deprived of
oxygen and suffocate and die.
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