Cranial Bones

Description

Mind Map on Cranial Bones, created by Nikhil Dhall on 16/09/2014.
Nikhil Dhall
Mind Map by Nikhil Dhall, updated more than 1 year ago
Nikhil Dhall
Created by Nikhil Dhall about 10 years ago
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Resource summary

Cranial Bones
  1. Frontal
    1. supraorbital margin "ridge" - ridge on top of eye socket. Can break blood vessels here forming black eye
      1. Supraorbital foramen - small hole on ridge for nerves and blood vessels
        1. Orbital surface - forms top of eye socket
          1. frontal sinuses - cavities of air cells in bone. Located in bridge of nose by forehead and eyebrows.
          2. Parietal
            1. Superior temporal line
              1. inferior temporal line
              2. Temporal
                1. zygomatic process - forms half of cheek bone and joins with temporal process on zygomatic bone
                  1. mastoid process - bump behind your ear. Sternocleidomastoid attachment point. Has air cells (sinus) that connect with middle ear.
                    1. styloid process - very pointy downwards. Attachment point for many ligaments and muscles.
                      1. external acoustic meatus - large hole that opens to external ear canal and ends at ear drum.
                        1. Internal acoustic meatus - visible in sagittal view. Where nerve for balance exits
                          1. Mandibular fossa - jaw joint under zygomatic process.
                            1. Stylomastoid foramen - Facial nerve CN 7 near mastoid and styloid process.
                              1. Jugular Fossa (foramen) - jugular vessel passing. Forms Jugular foramen when joined with occipital bone.
                                1. carotid canal - anterior to jugular fossa. Where INTERNAL carotid artery enters brain.
                                  1. Petrous portion - houses inner ear structures for hearing and balance. Vestibular cochlear nerve CN 8 passes.
                                  2. Occipital
                                    1. Foramen magnum - large hole that connects spinal cord and brain stem
                                      1. occipital condyle - articulates with 1st cervical vertebrae. Helps to nod head
                                        1. External occipital protuberance - bump on the back of your head. Ligament attaches here to 7th cervical vertebrae to hold head upright.
                                          1. Nuchal lines - trapezius muscle attachment
                                            1. Hypoglossal canal - under the occipital condyle. Allows passage of CN 12 to control tongue.
                                            2. Sphenoid
                                              1. sphenoidal sinus
                                                1. superior orbital fissure - hole lateral to sphenoidal sinus. Allows passage for 3 ocular CN nerves.
                                                  1. optic canal - CN2
                                                    1. cella tursica - saddle for brain on interior surface of bone
                                                      1. foramen rotundum - listed anterior to posterior
                                                        1. foramen ovale
                                                          1. foramen spinosum
                                                            1. Greater/lesser wings
                                                            2. Ethmoid
                                                              1. Christa Galli - forms nasal cavity and orbit of eye. Connects to "seat belt" of brain.
                                                                1. foramina - lots of foramen in cribiform plate. Olfactory nerves CN1 and ocular CN2 pass.
                                                                  1. lateral masses - contains ethnoid sinuses (side of your nose)
                                                                    1. nasal concha - forms turbulentia that create turbulence in air to help mucus trap dust ect.
                                                                      1. perpendicular plate - nasal septum (divide bone into 2 cavities).
                                                                      2. Sutures
                                                                        1. Lambdoid: occipital and parietal bones. Sutural bones grow in gap.
                                                                          1. Coronal - parietal and frontal bone
                                                                            1. sagittal - parietal bone suture
                                                                              1. Sqamous - parietal and temporal bone
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