13776257
Description
Mind Map by annabelle hall, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by annabelle hall
over 7 years ago
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Exchange surfaces
- Definition
- How easily stuff moves between an organism and it’s environment depends on its surface area to volume ratio.
- How easily stuff moves between an organism and it’s environment depends on its surface area to volume ratio.
- Environment
- Cells can use diffusion to take in substances they need and get rid of waste products
- Examples
- Oxygen and carbon dioxide are transferred between cells,s and the environment during gas exchange
- In humans urea diffuses from cells into blood plasma for removal from the body by the kidneys
- Oxygen and carbon dioxide are transferred between cells,s and the environment during gas exchange
- Examples
- How easy it is for an organism of exchange substances with its environment depends on the organisms surface area to volume ratio
- Cells can use diffusion to take in substances they need and get rid of waste products
- Surface area to volume ratios
- See here for example of how to calculate
Annotations:
- A hippo can be relsredneted by a 2cm x 4cm x 4cm block The area of the surface us found by the equation = LENGTH X WIDTH so the hippos total surface area is (4x4) x 2 (top and bottom surfaces of block ) Add (4x 2) x 4 (four sides of the block) = 64cm2 The volume of the block is found by the equation LENGTH X WIDTH X HEIGHT So the hippos volume is 4x4x2= 32cm2 The surface area to volume ratio of the hippo can be written as 64: 32 To simplify the ratio divide both sides of the ratio by the volume So the surface area to volume ratio of the hippo is 2:1
- See here for example of how to calculate
- Multicellular organisms
- Single celled organisms gasses and dissolved substances can diffuse directly into the cell across the cell membrane. This is Because they have a large surface area compared to their volume so enough substances can be exchanged across the membrane to supply the volume of the cell.
- Multicellular organisms have smaller surface area compared to their volume not enough substances can diffuse from their outside surface to supply their entire volume. Meaning some sort of exchange surface for efficient diffusion.
- Exchange surfaces are adapted to maximise effectiveness
- Thin membrane
- Short distances to diffuse
- Short distances to diffuse
- Large surface area
- Lots can diffuse at once
- Lots can diffuse at once
- In animals have lots of blood vessels
- Get stuff in and out blood quickly
- Get stuff in and out blood quickly
- Gas exchanges surfaces in animals are often ventilated
- Air moves in and out
- Air moves in and out
- Thin membrane
- Single celled organisms gasses and dissolved substances can diffuse directly into the cell across the cell membrane. This is Because they have a large surface area compared to their volume so enough substances can be exchanged across the membrane to supply the volume of the cell.
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