Crime and Deviance Sociologists and theroies

Annotations:

• He argued that deviance may be a mild or it may be more extreme.

Annotations:

• -Interactionalist.  -He argued that an act only becomes deviant when people define it as such. -Agents of social control have the power to make labels stick.
• The labelling Theory: The idea in which when people are labelled as something, e.g. stupid, they start to believe it.

Annotations:

• -Functionalist -He believed that deviance results from the culture and structure of society - All members of society have different positions in the social structure. -Merton believed that they didn't have the same opportunity.
• The Strain Theory: Merton came up with a theory that he believes where socity puts pressure on individuals where they feel like they have to choose socially accepted goals.

1. Subject to greater social control
2. Focuses on how society controls women in a different way to men.
3. Women are said to be less deviant than men due to the 'control theory'.
4. Frances Heidensohn

   Annotations:

   • -Wrote a book called, 'Women and crime' in 1985. -He had the theory that people commit crime because of the way they are brought up. -Women commit less crime because they are subject to greater social control.
   • -Heidensohn argued that men had more control over women because they control the finances. -He also thought that gender roles are more limited for women than men; male deviance is more glorified and celebrated, female deviance is more stigmatised.

1. Social control is necessary in capitalist societys.
2. Some social control is purely for the working class
3. Crime is driven by the capitalist society as crime is driven by money

   Annotations:

   • during the recession, statistical evidence shows that the amount of shoplifting rose.
4. They say that agents of social control discriminate against working class.
5. Statistical evidence to show that there is more crime in societys that have a wealth divide.

1. All aspects of a society serve a function and are necessary for the survival of that society.
2. Functionalists say that it is impossible without social control.
3. Durkheim

   Annotations:

   • He said that a certain amount of crime and deviance is normal and apart of all healthy societys.
4. Clinard

   Annotations:

   • Argues crime also served the function of acting as a warning device. The crime draws attention to the problem within society.