Walking with difficulty

Tractology
1. Ascending (sensory)
  1. Dorsal
    1. Gracilus
    2. Cuneatus
    3. Conscious proprioception
      1. Fine touch
        Vibration
  2. Anterior
    1. Ventral spinothalamic
      1. Pressure and crude touch
  3. Lateral
    1. Lateral spinothalamic
      1. Pain and temperature
2. Descending (motor)
  1. Pyramidal
    1. Corticospinal
    2. Corticonuclear
  2. Extra-pyramidal
    1. Balance
  3. UMNL
    1. Hyperreflexia
      1. Hypertonia
        + Babinski
        No fasciculations
  4. LMNL
    1. Hypotonia
      1. Hyporeflexia
        - Babinski
Skeletal muscles
1. Innervation
Reflex
1. It's an involuntary stereotyped response to a stimulus.
2. Components
  1. Receptor
    1. Sensory nerve
      1. Integration center
        Motor nerve
        Organ
  2. Properties
    1. Stimuli
      1. Very quick
        Involuntary
        Stereotyped
Syringomyelia
1. Development of fluid-filled cavity or syrinx within the cervical spinal cord leading to cervical cord enlargement
  1. Investigations
    1. Physical examination
      1. Muscle grading
        MRI
        Management
        Monitoring
        Follow-up
        Surgery
        Treating Chiari malformation
        Draining the syrinx
        Removing the obstruction
        Correcting the abnormality
        Epidemeology
        8.4 per 100,000
        No race difference
        Men > Women
2. Causes
  1. Acquired
    1. Congenital
      1. Chiari malformation
        Caudal extension of the medulla and cerebellar vermis through foramen magnum
    2. Trauma
      1. Tumors

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Walking with difficulty

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	Created by fatima alkhateeb over 6 years ago