PASSING DARK COLORED URINE

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Mind Map on PASSING DARK COLORED URINE, created by aa aa on 30/03/2019.
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Mind Map by aa aa, updated more than 1 year ago
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PASSING DARK COLORED URINE
  1. Patient's main complaint:
    1. Hematuria
      1. DDx
        1. Kidney stones
          1. UTI
            1. Kidney tumors
              1. Prostate cancer
                1. Nephritic syndrome
                  1. Bladder Cancer
                    1. Anatomy of the urinary bladder
                      1. Shape
                        1. Apex
                          1. Body
                            1. Fundus
                              1. Neck
                              2. Musculature
                                1. Detrusor muscle
                                  1. Internal sphincter
                                    1. External sphincter
                                    2. Blood supply
                                      1. Arteries
                                        1. in the male
                                          1. Superior vesical
                                            1. Inferior vesical
                                            2. in the female
                                              1. Superior vesical
                                                1. Vaginal
                                              2. Veins
                                                1. vesical venous plexus
                                              3. Nerves
                                                1. Somatic
                                                  1. Pudendal nerve S2-S4
                                                  2. Autonomic
                                                    1. Sympathetic
                                                      1. Hypogastric nerve T12-L2
                                                      2. Parasympathetic
                                                        1. Pelvic nerve S2-S4
                                                  3. Types of bladder tumors
                                                    1. Benign
                                                      1. Papilloma
                                                        1. Leiomyoma
                                                        2. Malignant
                                                          1. Urothelial tumor
                                                            1. Squamos cell carcinoma
                                                              1. Adenocarcinoma
                                                                1. Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma
                                                              2. Risk factors
                                                                1. Cysts Vs Tumors in CT
                                                                  1. Cyst
                                                                    1. well-marginated with thin or imperceptible wall
                                                                      1. nonenhancing
                                                                        1. Hypodense
                                                                        2. Tumors
                                                                          1. can be enhanced
                                                                            1. Hyperdense
                                                                              1. May contains area of necrosis
                                                                            2. Management
                                                                              1. Chemotherapy
                                                                                1. Intravesical
                                                                                  1. Systemic
                                                                                  2. Radiation therapy
                                                                                    1. Immunotherapy
                                                                                      1. BCG
                                                                                      2. Surgery
                                                                                        1. Partial cystectomy
                                                                                          1. Rdical cystectomy
                                                                                        2. Progression
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