Passing dark colored urine

Urinary bladder
Bladder Tumors
1. Benign
  1. Papilloma
    1. Leiomyoma
2. Malignant
  1. Urothelial Tumor
    1. Squamous cell carcinoma
      1. Adenocarcinoma
        Rhabdomyosarcoma
Grading and staging
Renal Cysts
1. cystic renal dysplasia
  1. AD-polycystic KD
    1. ARPKD
      1. Medullary cysts
        dialysis associated cysts
        simple renal cysts
Investigations
1. urine cytology
  1. Cystometry
    1. Urinalysis
      1. urine culture
        rine tumor markers
        cystoscopy
Schistosoma
1. Epidemiology
2. Diagnosis
  1. Microscopy
    1. ELISA
      1. Biopsy
3. Treatment
  1. Praziquantel
4. Pathogenesis
  1. S.Haematobium
    1. Painless terminal Hematuria
  2. S.mansoni & S.japonicum
    1. Abdominal pain
      1. Bloody diarrhea
        Portal hypertension
5. Lifecycle
Physiology of Micturition
Urinary diversion
1. Neohrostomy
  1. Urostomy
    1. Neobladder-to-urethral diversion

Resource summary

	Created by zainab ahmed about 5 years ago