Language Fundamentals

Language Fundamentals

1. Separators

   • Parentheses, braces, brackets, angle brakets, semicolon, colon, comma, period.

2. ASCII and Unicode

   • English speakers used ASCII, but this was limited because it was only for English.
   • Unicode made it so that every language could code. Storing and transmitting data is not as efficient.
     • UTF-8, UTF-16, and UTF-32 are used to make it more efficient to transmit and store date.

3. Primitives

   • byte, short, int, long, float, double, char and boolean
     • Primitive type long contains a large set of numbers but it requires a lot of memory.

4. Variables

   • They are data placeholders.
   • A variable identifier can be anything as long as it is unique, begins with a Java letter, and is not a Java keyword.

5. Constants

   • Variables whose values, once assigned, cannot be changed.
   • Ex: final int ROW_COUNT = 50;

6. Literals

   • Null literal
   • Primitive type literals
     • Integer literals, floating-point literals, character literals, and boolean literals
   • String literals