Chemistry- bonding

Chemistry- bonding

1. when chemical reactions take place, chemical bonds are made

   • this happens when an atom either shares or gains electrons

2. ionic bonding concept

   • gaining elecctrons
     • if you gain you become negative
       • if you loose you become positive

3. covalent bonding

   • strong covalent bonds within the molecules
     • weak forces of attraction between the molecule
       • sharing electrons

4. giant covalent structures

   • diamond
     • high melting and boiling points
       • diamonds a form of carbon that has a giant, rigid covalent structure, each carbons make four bonds.
         • large number of covalent bonds resluts in high boiling/melting points- makes it hard
   • strong covalent bonds between the two carbon atoms

5. Graphite

   • covalent bonds between 2 carbons
     • weak intermolecular force
       • graphite only makes three bonds
         • layers can easily slide over eachother

6. Silicon Dioxide

   • strong covalent bonds
     • salt
       • very high melting point

7. Afullerene

   • carbon atoms form fullerenes.
     • hexagonal rings
       • covalent bonds
         • no giant covalent structures
           • simple molecules

8. Giant ionic substances

   • mixture of positive and negative charged ions
     • high melting points
       • lot amount of energy to break it
         • must be dissolved in water for it to conduct

9. metals

   • giant structure
     • delocalised electrons surround positive ions
       • Hold structure allow the atoms to slide over eachother
         • metals can be shaped or bent

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