249845
Description
Mind Map by jamesnobby, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by jamesnobby
over 10 years ago
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Structure and Bonding
- Bonding
- Ionic
- Formed by one atom transferring 1 or more electrons to
another atom.
- Atoms which have gained or lost electrons.
- If they lose electrons, then they become posatively
charged.
- If they gain electrons, then they are negatively
charged.
- If they lose electrons, then they become posatively
charged.
- + + + ++
- - - - -
- There are 5 posatives
and 5 negatives.
- + + + + +
- - - -
- here there are only 4
negatives and 5
posotive electrons. This
means that there are
more protons than
electrons so there must
be an overall posotive
charge.
- here there are only 4
negatives and 5
posotive electrons. This
means that there are
more protons than
electrons so there must
be an overall posotive
charge.
- There are 5 posatives
and 5 negatives.
- Ionic bonding occurs
between metals and non
metals. for example- sodium
chloride, iron oxide etc
- Formed by one atom transferring 1 or more electrons to
another atom.
- Covalent
- Covalent bonding
occurs when atoms
share electrons to form
complete outer shells
- Covalent bonding take place
between non metals. for
example- Nitrogen oxide
- The atoms are so desperate
for a complete outer shell that
they will share their electrons
between other atoms. An
example is water. Hydrogens
have only 1 electron. Oxygen
needs to gain 2 electrons so 2
hydrogens covalently bond to
for H2O or water.
- Covalent bonds are strong
- Covalent bonding
occurs when atoms
share electrons to form
complete outer shells
- All atoms bond to try and form
complete out shells.
- The alkali metals all react
with non metal elements to
form ionic compounds in
which the metal atom has a
single positive charge.
- The elements in group 7 (the
halogens) all react with the alkali
metals to form negatively charged
compounds.
- Ionic
- Structure
- The structure of metals
- Metals have delocalized
electrons. This means
they are free to move from
atom to atom meaning
they are a good conductor
of heat and electricity.
- Because they may
have lost a few
electrons, this means
there are more protons
than electrons meaning
the atoms are now
posotively charged.
- Because they may
have lost a few
electrons, this means
there are more protons
than electrons meaning
the atoms are now
posotively charged.
- Metals have delocalized
electrons. This means
they are free to move from
atom to atom meaning
they are a good conductor
of heat and electricity.
- Compounds are
substances in which
2 or more elements
are chemically
combined.
- Noble gases have
complete outer shells
so they are completely
unreactive.
- An ionic compound is
a giant structure of
ions
- The ions are all held together
by strong electromagnetic
forces holding the atoms
together.
- The ions are all held together
by strong electromagnetic
forces holding the atoms
together.
- All the atoms are held
together in a lattice. A
lattice is an array of atoms
- The structure of metals
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