Genes

Genes

Genes are a heritable factor that consists of DNA and influences a specific characteristic
1. loci are specific positions one a chromosome
2. alleles are different forms of the same gene and occupy the same locus
  1. snps (single nucleotide polymorphisms) are when more than one base may be present
mutations are random changes in DNA sequences that result in new alleles
1. sickle cell anemia is an example of a mutation
  1. sickle cell anemia is caused by the mutation in the alpha-globin peptide in hemoglobin
    1. the deformed cells become trapped in the capillaries, blocking them and reducing blood flow
    2. sicle cell anemia and malaria: those who only possess the normal blood cell allele are more susceptible to malaria, those that produce enough sickle cells have an increased resistance to malaria
a genome is the entire base sequence of each DNA molecules in an organism
1. in plants, the genome is in nuclear chromosomes and DNA in mitochondria and chloroplasts
  1. in animals, the genome is in nuclear chromosomes and DNA in the mitochondria

Resource summary

	Created by Jordyn Davis over 3 years ago