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2856032
Second Language Acquisition
Description
Theories and Processes of Second Language Acquisition
No tags specified
english language
second language
language acquisition
Mind Map by
Lauren Ayres
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Lauren Ayres
over 9 years ago
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Resource summary
Second Language Acquisition
Input Hypothesis by Stephen Krashen
Repeating, adding volume, and filling in the blank, will not help one learn a new language
Picture, knowledge of the world, and so on help with comprehension
Words and language that they can relate to familiar situations and their speech will emerge over time
Talking is not practice
We acquire language in one way; when we understand what is being said through comprehensive input
Teach students one step ahead of where they already are. (i+1) i=language input, +1=the next stage of language acquisition
BICS vs. CALP by Jim Cummins
Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills
Conversational fluency
Students may seem to be proficient and fluent in a language while still struggling with gaps
Draw attention to vocabulary words in context
Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency
Academic Language Understanding
Exercise students Discrete language skills (i.e decoding, listening abilities, social usage)
5-7 years for EL student to reach grade level
Universal Grammar by Noam Chompsky
All human language rests on innate building blocks of expression
Verbs, Nouns, Adjectives
The ability to learn grammar is hardwired into the brain
Learned through listening and using the language
Threshold Hypothesis by Jim Cummins
There is a threshold ability level that needs to be reached in one language in order for a learner to succeed in another
Above threshold in L1 and L2
Additive bilingualism; Positive cognitive effects
Below threshold in L1 and L2
Positive bilingualism; negative cognitive effects
Above threshold in one language
Neutral cognitive effects
Age and Second Language Acquisition by Eric Lennenberg
Second Language (L2) is best learned between 2 yrs and puberty
Critical Period
Use same part of brain to store both languages (lateralization)
Lateralization complete around age 5
L2 learning is negatively affected by the completion of lateralization process
After, learners use a different part of the brain to store a new language
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