2856032
Description
Mind Map by Lauren Ayres, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Lauren Ayres
almost 9 years ago
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Second Language Acquisition
- Input Hypothesis by
Stephen Krashen
- Repeating, adding volume,
and filling in the blank, will not
help one learn a new language
- Picture, knowledge of the
world, and so on help with
comprehension
- Words and language that they can
relate to familiar situations and
their speech will emerge over time
- Words and language that they can
relate to familiar situations and
their speech will emerge over time
- Picture, knowledge of the
world, and so on help with
comprehension
- Talking is not practice
- We acquire language in one way; when we
understand what is being said through comprehensive
input
- Teach students one step
ahead of where they already
are. (i+1) i=language input,
+1=the next stage of language
acquisition
- Teach students one step
ahead of where they already
are. (i+1) i=language input,
+1=the next stage of language
acquisition
- We acquire language in one way; when we
understand what is being said through comprehensive
input
- Repeating, adding volume,
and filling in the blank, will not
help one learn a new language
- BICS vs. CALP by
Jim Cummins
- Basic Interpersonal
Communicative Skills
- Conversational fluency
- Students may seem to be proficient and fluent
in a language while still struggling with gaps
- Draw attention to vocabulary words in context
- Draw attention to vocabulary words in context
- Students may seem to be proficient and fluent
in a language while still struggling with gaps
- Conversational fluency
- Cognitive Academic
Language Proficiency
- Academic Language Understanding
- Exercise students Discrete
language skills (i.e decoding,
listening abilities, social usage)
- 5-7 years for EL student to reach grade level
- 5-7 years for EL student to reach grade level
- Exercise students Discrete
language skills (i.e decoding,
listening abilities, social usage)
- Academic Language Understanding
- Basic Interpersonal
Communicative Skills
- Universal Grammar by
Noam Chompsky
- All human language rests on innate building blocks of expression
- Verbs, Nouns, Adjectives
- The ability to learn grammar
is hardwired into the brain
- Learned through listening and using the language
- Learned through listening and using the language
- The ability to learn grammar
is hardwired into the brain
- Verbs, Nouns, Adjectives
- All human language rests on innate building blocks of expression
- Threshold Hypothesis by
Jim Cummins
- There is a threshold ability level that
needs to be reached in one language in
order for a learner to succeed in another
- Above threshold in L1 and L2
- Additive bilingualism;
Positive cognitive effects
- Additive bilingualism;
Positive cognitive effects
- Below threshold in L1 and L2
- Positive bilingualism;
negative cognitive effects
- Positive bilingualism;
negative cognitive effects
- Above threshold in one language
- Neutral cognitive effects
- Neutral cognitive effects
- Above threshold in L1 and L2
- There is a threshold ability level that
needs to be reached in one language in
order for a learner to succeed in another
- Age and Second
Language Acquisition by
Eric Lennenberg
- Second Language (L2) is best
learned between 2 yrs and puberty
- Critical Period
- Use same part of brain to store
both languages (lateralization)
- Lateralization complete around age 5
- Lateralization complete around age 5
- Use same part of brain to store
both languages (lateralization)
- Critical Period
- L2 learning is negatively
affected by the completion of
lateralization process
- After, learners use a different part
of the brain to store a new language
- After, learners use a different part
of the brain to store a new language
- Second Language (L2) is best
learned between 2 yrs and puberty
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