Energy/BioSphere

1. Celluar Respiration
   1. C6H12O6 + 6O2 >>>> Energy+ 6CO2 + 6H2O

      Annotations:

      • Glucose (Energy for organisms) and oxygen
   2. Glucose + Oxygen == Energy + carbon dioxide + Water
2. Photosynthesis
   1. 6H20+6CO2+Light Energy>>>> C6H12O6+ 6O2
   2. Water + Carbon DIoxide + Light Energy== Glucose + Oxygen

1. Producers/AutoTrophs

   Annotations:

   • Producers "produce" food
   1. Self Feeding (Hence the auto)
   2. lol
2. Consumers/Heterotrophs
   1. Means Other Feeding
   2. There are 4 trophic levels

      Annotations:

      • Trophic Level: In a ecosystem, feeding level through which energy is transferred
      • Energy is lost between trophic levels
      1. Herbivores are generally primary consumer

         Annotations:

         • Animals that eat plants
         1. Cows, Rabbits
      2. Carnivores are secondary Consumers

         Annotations:

         • Carnivores that eat the  herbivores are secondary
      3. Tertiary Consumer

         Annotations:

         • Carniviores that eat other carniovores
      4. Decomposers

         Annotations:

         • Consumers that feed on all trophic levels
         1. They obtain energy by breaking down leftover or waste molecules

            Annotations:

            • Even eat body parts, feces, etc
      5. Energy is lost between trophic levels
      6. Rule of 10
         1. In each trophic level, only 10% of ENERGY is transferred to the next trophic level.
3. Abiotic :Non Living
   1. Whenever you add the "a" it becomes non living
      1. Ex: Abiogenesis
4. Biotic: Living things

1. Not all sun energy is absorbed
   1. Albedo: Amount of reflected energy
2. Deep in the water, Sun energy cannot reach organisms
   1. Black Smokers>> Hydrogen Sulfide molecules come out
      1. Bacteria comes and splits the HS molecules, captures the energy within the bonds of the HS molecules
         1. Creates a byproduct of chemosynthesis

1. First Law of Thermodynamics
   1. Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only transferred
2. Second law of Thermodynamics
   1. Energy Conversion is never 100% efficient
      1. Heat is a byproduct of enegery conversion
      2. Thus the rule of 10, remember this

1. All the areas of earth that hold life

   Annotations:

   • Air,LAnd,WATER
2. Ecosystem
   1. all the organisms that live in that area, physical enviroment

      Annotations:

      • water,
   2. Community and its physical and chemical enviroments
3. Community
   1. Population of all species that occupy a habitat
4. Atmosphere
   1. Held to the earth by gravitation

Annotations:

• Food chains generally only have a few trophic levels (3-6); this is because of the law of thermodynamics.

1. Model that shows linear path through which food is transferred from primary consumers to higher trophic levels
   1. Remeber the difference between the two by WEB and LINEAR CHAIN

1. Is a model of food (energy) transferred in an ecosystem that shows the connection among food chains.
   1. also , web can mean energy in a way

1. Co2, Methane, CFCS
2. traps heat