Neurotransmission in the ANS

Neurotransmission in the ANS

1. Sympathetic Function

   • Fight, Flight, Fright, Sex
     • Cardiovascular
       • Blood Vessels
         • TO Skin - Dilation (B2 and Cholinergic) Constriction (a1)
         • To skeletal muscles Dilation B2 and Cholinergic nitroxidergic
         • To heart Dilation B2, Constriction a1 a2
         • TO lungs Dilation B2, constriction a1
         • To digestive viscera Constriction a1, dilation a2
         • To Kidneys Construction, decrease urine production a1 a2; dilation increase urine production B1, b2
         • To brain Dilation (cholinergic and nitroxideergic
       • Veins
         • Constriction a1, b2
       • Heart
         • Increase HR, Force and BP a1 B1
     • Endocrrine
       • Adrenal gland
         • Secreation of epinephrine, norepinephrine by adrebal mudulla
       • Posteria lobe of pituitary gland secreation of ADH B1
       • Pancteas Decreased insulin secreation a2
       • Pineal gland increased melatonin secretion B
   • Neurotransmitters
     • Acetylcholine, Adrenaline , noradrenaline
       • Cholinergic Responds to Acetylcholine
         • Muscarinic M
           • Sweat Glands
         • Nicotinic N
           • PRegangliionic Neuron
       • Adrenergic respond to noradrenaline
         • Alpha A
           • VArious organs
         • Beta B
     • Beta blokers
       • Used for dysrhythmia that involve exsessive electrical activity in the sinus node or atria
         • Blocking cardia b1 recptors results in a decrease in HR and force of contraction

2. Parasympathetic Function

   • Rest and digest
   • Decrease HR rate and force and BP
   • Increase insulin
   • Inhibition of melatonin
   • Neurotransmitters
     • Acetylcholine
       • Cholinergic Receptors
         • Nicotinic
         • muscarinic