Different types of solution and their properties

Different types of solution and their properties

1. Contains the maximum amount of solute for a given quantity of solvent at a constant temperature and pressure.

   • Saturated solution

2. Unsaturated Solution

   • Is a chemical solution in which the solute concentration is lower than its equilibrium solubility. All of the solute dissolves in the solvent. When a solute (often a solid) is added to a solvent (often a liquid), two processes occur simultaneously.

3. Supersaturated solution

   • Is a solution that contains more than the maximum amount of solute that is capable of being dissolved at a given temperature. The recrystallization of the excess dissolved solute in a supersaturated solution can be initiated by the addition of a tiny crystal of solute, called a seed crystal.

4. Aqueous solution

   • When a solute is dissolved in water the solution is called an aqueous solution. Eg, salt in water, sugar in water and copper sulfate in water.

5. Non-aqueous solution

   • When a solute is dissolved in a solvent other than water, it is called a non-aqueous solution. Eg, iodine in carbon tetrachloride, sulphur in carbon disulfide, phosphorus in ethyl alcohol.

6. Concentrated Solution

   • Is one that has a relatively large amount of dissolved solute. A dilute solution is one that has a relatively small amount of dissolved solute. However, these terms are relative, and we need to be able to express concentration in a more exact, quantitative manner.

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