Language Fundamentals

Language Fundamentals

1. ASCII

   • Used in English speaking countries
     • Character represents alphanumeric characters
       • ASCII character is 7 bits

2. Unicode

   • attempts to include all characters in all languages into one character set
     • Unique number reps one character
       • Stored in 16 or 32 bit system with help of character encoding

3. Separators

   • parentheses, brackets, braces, angle brackets, semicolon, colon, comma, period

4. Primitives

   • 8 primitives in Java
     • byte, char, boolean, short, int, long, float and double
       • byte, short, int, and long can hold integers
         • for decimals you need float or double
           • char can hold a Unicode character
             • boolean can be either true or false

5. Variables

   • Data placeholders
   • reference types or primitive types
   • Has a name or identifier

6. Constants

   • Variables whose values remain the same once assigned

7. Literals

   • Assigned value to a variable
   • Integer literal - byte, short, int, & long
     • Floating point literal - whole #, decimal, fractional, and optional parts
       • Boolean literals - literals true and false
         • Character literals - Unicode character or escape sequence enclosed in single quotes