Dominant paradigms in mental health

1. Causes neglected- problems swept under the carpet

Annotations:

• Also prenatal 

1. eg poverty, discrimination

1. Vulnerable groups - highly overrepresented in mental illness

Annotations:

• Prevalence of depression increases on a gradient down the SES spectrum. Highest in the low status groups.   
• Higher rates of problems associated with low income, insecure housing, limited education, recent unemployment, high-demand or low-control work, child abuse or neglect, poor neighbourhood conditions, low social support. 
• Forms of mental illness often comorbid with physical health problems
• Extended exposure --> chronic stress arousal --> increased risk of physical/mental health problems    - depression, panic disorder, OCD, PTSD
• Decisions of gov + public institutions may have distal affects- influencing conditions   

Annotations:

• Women - violence, poverty (more than men), unremitting care for others (social expectations), sexism (also affects men), specific illness. 
• Is women's depression more about social inequality?- unreasonable expectations
• Premenstrual dysphoric disorder, female orgasmic disorder, postpartum depression - reenforce roles?
• Men in 40s/50s- high risk of suicide

Annotations:

• currently available cognitive-behavioural resources

Annotations:

• Friendships between service users
• Families
• Professionals - Dodo bird effect, reciprocity
• Good material conditions - having a home, financial condition
• Recovery-oriented systems- person-centred, strength-based, community-oriented, offered in context of collaborative relationship   

Annotations:

• Significant association between psychological dysfunction in adulthood and history of childhood abuse/neglect.