Thermochemical principles

Electronic Structure
1. Electron configurations
2. Ionisation Energy
  1. Factors
  2. Definition
  3. Equation
  4. Endothermic Process
3. Removal of electrons
Periodic Trends
1. Atomic Radii
  1. Across a period
  2. Down a group
2. Ionic Radii
  1. Positive Ions
  2. Negative Ions
3. Electronegativity (to determine polarity)
Shapes of molecules
1. Repulsion of pairs of electrons
  1. Bonded/Non-Bonded
2. Common Shapes (must learn w/ angle)
Bonding (Lewis Structure)
1. Covalent Bonding
2. Ionic Bonding
Thermochemical Principles
Intermolecular Forces
1. Forces (pg 39)
  1. Temporary Dipole (weakest)
  2. Permanent Dipole (stronger)
  3. Hydrogen Bonding (strongest)
2. Bond Strength
  1. Energy required to break bonds
3. Solubility (in water)
  1. Able to hydrogen bond with water molecules (pg 43)
    1. Lower molar mass alcohols
    2. Simple sugars
    3. Ammonia Gas (NH3)
4. Heats of Reaction (change in enthalpy) (pg 46)
  1. Endothermic
    1. Heat is absorbed
    2. More energy required to break existing bonds
  2. Exothermic
    1. Heat is released
    2. More energy required to form new bonds
  3. Activation Energy
  4. Entropy, Enthalpy and Spontaneous Reactions
    1. Definitions
    2. Balancing Reactions
    3. Measuring enthalpy changes (pg 52)
      1. Using Hess's Law (62)
    4. Phase Changes
      1. Definitions of different types of enthalpy

Resource summary

	Created by Lauren Collins over 9 years ago