5 SLA Theories_1

Behaviorist Theory--B.F. Skinner
1. - Language is learned just like any other behavior.
  1. - Children are motivated to learn language due to the reinforcement they receive.
    1. - Learners need practice and repetition to learn the language.
      1. Application: To teach students according to the Behaviorist Theory, a teacher should give little tokens as a reward to students who answer questions.
      2. This pup is so excited about receiving his positive reinforcement!
Innatist Theory--Naom Chomsy
1. -Children are pre-wired to learn language.
2. -We all have Language Acquisition Devices (LADs) so we are predestined to learn language.
3. -Learners only need to be exposed to the language for LAD to take over.
4. Application: Teachers should teach students completely in the target language for students' LAD to be allowed to take over.
  1. This dog's instincts, like LAD, take over when he hunts!
Cognitive Model--Piaget
1. -Children talk because there is something to talk about.
2. -Cognitive development comes before language development.
  1. This pup apparently has something to talk about!
3. -Meaning of target words are important.
4. Application: Give students experiences inside the classroom to talk about it the target language! A good example of this would be showing a movie located in the culture of the target language the students are learning.
Social-Interaction Model--Lev Vygotsky
1. -This theory is all about language use and focuses on the communicative functions of language.
  1. There are 7 categories of language used: instrumental, regulatory, interactional, personal, imaginative, heuristic, and informative.
2. Application: Use each type of language in class in order to appeal to all types of learners. You could have your students use personal language by creating a skit in the target language.
  1. This dog owner is using regulatory language to control her dog.
Natural Approach--Steven Krashen
1. -Comprehensible input is all that is needed to acquire a second language.
  1. -Learner acquires fluent speech in a natural way.
    1. -A student's affective filter influences how quickly they will learn the language.
      1. -The learner goes through a silent phase while receiving comprehensible input.
        Application: Teach in the target language to allow students to learn naturally. Be exciting, use repetition, and gestures so that students' affective filters don't rise when they misunderstand you.
    2. This dog is silently receiving comprehensible input! Maybe not very comprehensible to him...

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5 SLA Theories_1

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