Ayman the swimmer

Ayman the swimmer

1. Shoulder anatomy

   • Bones
     • Clavicle
       • Horizontal S-shaped bone
       • Smooth superior and rough inferior surfaces
       • Medial 2/3 convex while lateral 1/3 concave
     • Manubrium of sternum
     • Scapula
       • Triangular-shaped bone located posterior to the ribs
       • 3 angles, 3 borders and 3 bony processes
     • Humerus
   • Joint
     • Acromioclavicular
       • plane synovial
       • Coracoclavicular and superior capsular ligaments
     • Sternoclavicular
     • Glenohumeral
     • Scapulothoracic
   • Rotator cuff muscles
     • Teres minor
     • Supraspinatus
     • Infraspinatus
     • Subscapularis

2. Sports medicine

   • Physical therapists
   • Certified athletic trainers
   • Registered dietitians

3. Sports injuries

   • Causes
     • Accidents
     • poor training practices
     • Improper equipments
     • Insufficient warm up/stretching
   • Symptoms
     • Pain
     • swelling
     • Redness
     • Numbness
     • Stiffness
   • Types
     • Strains
     • Sprain
     • Fractures
     • dislocations
     • concussions
     • bruises
   • Protection
     • Warming up and cooling down
     • Protective gear
     • Proper technique
     • Resting

4. Common shoulder problems

   • Bursitis
   • Subacromial impingement
     • Stage 1
       • Edema
       • Inflammation
       • Acute bursiti
       • Tendonitis
     • Stage 2
       • fibrosis
       • Bursal thickening
       • fibre disruption
     • Stage 3
       • bony spurs
       • partial to full thickness

5. Swimmer's shoulder

   • Causes
     • Hypermobility
     • Fatigue
     • Use of too large hand paddles
     • Over-training
     • Poor technique
     • :Revious shoulder injury
   • Treatment
     • Use anti-inflammatory medications
     • Applying ice
     • Passive care
     • Rest
   • symptoms
     • Reduced ROM
     • Increased joint laxity
     • Reduced strength

6. Physical test

   • Range of motion
     • Forward flexion
     • abduction
     • cross-body adduction
     • external rotation
     • Extension
     • Internal rotation
     • Scapular motion

7. Imaging tests

   • X-ray
   • Ultrasound
   • MRI

8. Line of management

   • Non-operative
   • Operative
   • Alternative therapy
     • Electrotherapy
     • Laser acupuncture