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Description
Mind Map by bethanyjanedewhirst, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by bethanyjanedewhirst
over 8 years ago
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Chemistry AS 1.
- The Mole
- A mole is the amount of particles in a
substance.
- 1 mole is equal to 6.02 x 10^23 particles.
This number is known as the avogadro
constant.
- Number of moles= mass of substance / molar mass
- Moles= number of particles you have / number of particles in a
mole
- A mole is the amount of particles in a
substance.
- Gas Volumes
- If temperature and pressure stay the same, one mole
of any gas will always have the same volume, 24dm^3
mol^-1.
- Number of moles = volume in dm^3 / 24.
- Ideal Gas
Equation
- pV = nRT
- p= pressure(Pa)
- V= volume(m^3)
- n= number of moles
- R= gas constant (J K^-1 mol^-1)
- 8.314 J K^-1 mol^-1
- 8.314 J K^-1 mol^-1
- T= temperature (K)
- p= pressure(Pa)
- pV = nRT
- If temperature and pressure stay the same, one mole
of any gas will always have the same volume, 24dm^3
mol^-1.
- Ionic Compounds
- Ions are made when electrons tranfer.
- Charges in ionic compounds always
balance. Ionic compounds are made
when positive and negative ions bond
together.
- Ions are made when electrons tranfer.
- Concentration Calculations
- Number of moles= concentration x volume (in dm^3)
- Number of moles= concentration x volume (in dm^3)
- Acids and Bases and
Salts
- Acids are proton donors.
- Bases are proton acceptors. Bases that are
soluble in water (alkalis) release OH ions in
solution.
- Acids and bases react to form a salt
and a water.
- Acids React with Metals
- Metal + acid = metal salt + hydrogen.
- Metal oxide + acid = metal salt + water.
- Metal hydroxide + acid = salt + water.
- Metal carbonate + acid = metal salt + carbon dioxide + water.
- Metal + acid = metal salt + hydrogen.
- Salts
- Salts are ionic compounds, all solid
salts are made up of a lattice of
positive and negative ions.
- Sometimes, water molecules are
incorporated in the lattice too, this water is
called the water of crystallisation.
- A salt containing water of crystallisation
is hydrated, a salt is anhydrous if it
doesn't contain water of crystallisation.
- Salts are ionic compounds, all solid
salts are made up of a lattice of
positive and negative ions.
- Ammonia reacts with acids
to make ammonia salts.
- Acids are proton donors.
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