Chapter 2 : Culture and Identity

Defining Culture
1. Marxism
  1. Culture shaped by capitalism
  2. Culture as ideology
2. Mass Culture
  1. Popular Culture
  2. Manufactured by Media
3. High Culture
  1. Aesthetically Superior
  2. Elitist
4. Functionalism
  1. Culture is product of value consensus
  2. Core Culture promotes social order
Socialisation
1. Functionalism
  1. Family as personality factory
  2. Socialisation into value consensus
2. Primary Socialisation
  1. Family and Parenting
  2. Social Control
3. Secondary Socialisation
  1. Education
  2. Media
  3. Religion
  4. Peer Group
4. Marxism
  1. Socialisation into ruling class values
  2. False Needs
Social Class and Identity
1. Upper-class identity
  1. Social closure
  2. conservative value system
2. Middle-class Identity
  1. Fragmentation
  2. Suburban and meritocratic
3. Working-class Identity
  1. Traditional - work as source of identity
  2. New individualistic working class
  3. Underclass
4. Decline of class identity
  1. Hybrid Identity
  2. Persistence of class inequality
Gender and sexuality
1. Hegemonic masculinity and feminity
  1. Gender-role socialisation
  2. Traditional gender role
2. Changing femininities and masculinities
  1. Genderquake
  2. Feminisation of the workplace
3. Homosexuality
  1. Discrimination
  2. Gay Culture
Age And disability
1. Social construction of age
  1. childhood
  2. Adolescence and youth subcultures
  3. old age and ageism
2. Disability
  1. Medical Model Vs Social model
Ethnicity and nationality
1. asian identity
  1. Family socialisation
  2. Religious Influences
2. African-Caribbean idenity
  1. Peer-group pressure
  2. Mixed-race identity
3. National identity
  1. Britishness
  2. Celtic Idenity
  3. Multiculturalism
  4. Gloablisation

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Chapter 2 : Culture and Identity

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