APPLICABLE REGULATIONS FOR CARGO HANDLING

APPLICABLE REGULATIONS FOR CARGO HANDLING

1. LOAD

   • I`ts the movable property arranged for its transfer from one place to another and subject to operations to achieve this end without altering its main characteristics. There is a great diversity of products that can be transported and marketed. To ensure proper handling, cargo should be classified by type in general and in bulk.

2. GENERAL LOAD

   • I`ts one that comes in a solid, liquid or gaseous state, and that being packed or unpacked, can be treated as a unit
   • The general load is transported in packaging whose shape, weight and dimensions conform to its characteristics
     • Similary, general load can be classified into:
       • Fractionated general load
         • Consists of individual or loose goods such as: packaged, bags and boxes, among others
       • Unitary general load
         • It`s made up of individual items grouped into units such as pallets or containers
     • This charge is divided into: loose (non-unitized) and unitized
       • Loose (Non-unitized)
         • This type of cargo consists of loose or individual goods, handled and shipped as separate units, bales, packaged, sacks, boxes, drums, tied parts, etc.
       • Unitary
         • It`s made up of individual items, such as boxes, packages, other disjointed items or loose cargo grouped into units such as pallets and containers (unitarizacion) which are ready for be transported

3. BULK LOAD (SOLID, LIQUID, GASEOUS)

   • It`s the set of products that are transported in large quantities, whose only container is the transport vehicle. This cargo is usually deposited or dumped with a shovel, bucket, or bucket on railways, trucks, or ships. The bulk cargo is divided into:
     • Solid Bulk
       • This classification includes grains, coal, iron ore, wood, cement, bauxite, salt, etc.
     • Liquid Bulk
       • It`s the load that is in a liquid or gaseous state, said condition makes its transportation, for example, in tank vehicles of at least 1000 gallons. Among the prodcts considered as liquid bulk are: Petroleum, liquefied natural gas, chemicals and liquid foods ( vegetable oil, cooking oil, etc.), among others
     • Nature of the load
       • By it`s nature the cargo is classified as dangerous, fragile and perishable
     • Dangerous Load
       • These are merchandise that, if not properly treated, can put human life and the environment where it`s transported at risk. The Dangerous Cargo is characterized by having explosive, combustible, oxidizing, poisnous, radioactive or corrosive properties

4. Depending on its degree of danger, the United Nations (UN) classifies it into nine types:

   • Explosives
   • Gases
   • Flammable liquids
   • Flammable solids
   • Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides
   • Toxic substances and organic peroxides
   • Radioactive material
   • Corrosive substances
   • Various dangerous substances and objects

5. PERISHABLE LOAD

   • A certain number of products, especially foodstuffs, undergo a normal degradation in their physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics as a result of the passage of time and environmental conditions

6. FRAGILE LOAD

   • The transportation of fragile products required special handling. The entire operation must be carried out with extreme care, including packaging, handling (loading and unloading) and the transfer itself

7. AUTOMOTIVE

   • Focused on the automotive industry and transportation providers

8. HEAVY MACHINERY

   • Consists of heavy equipment, generally used by the construction industry

9. REFRIGERATED

   • Load that needs a certain temperature during transportation, such as perishable items, pharmaceuticals, etc.

10. VALUES

    • Load whose distinctive feature is its high monetary value, such as jewelry, works of art, money, etc.

11. SPECIAL DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHTS

    • Frequently very bulky or heavy loads require special handling. These characteristics are important from the point of view of freight rates, especially in maritime transport, since when it comes to this type of cargo, freight adds a surchage to the basic rate