Epping Forest

Epping Forest

1. Facts

   • The forest is north-east of London
   • It covers 2,500 ha of land
   • 70% of the area is deciduous woodland, but there is some grassland and marshes

2. Early uses

   • Since Norman times, the forest has been used to graze animals and collect firewood
   • It’s also been used for hunting deer

3. Early management

   • ‘Pollarding’ was used to manage the woods- the trees were cut at shoulder height for firewood, but they were still able to reshoot and grow back again
   • In the 19th century, people tried to buy parts of the forest
   • In 1878 the Epping Forest act meant that the forest should be ‘kept unbuilt on and as an open space for recreation’

4. Recent management

   • 1,600 ha of the forest has been designated a Site of Special Scientific interest, and also a European Special Area of Conservation
   • Recreation is managed by providing car parks, toilets and refreshments for visitors
   • Old trees are allowed to die naturally unless they are dangerou
   • Re-pollarding ancient trees
   • This means there are laws to protect the ancient trees, which support the ecosystem of flora and fauna
   • Easy access parks allow for people with disabilities to visit
   • Some activities like cycling are restricted to reduce soil erosion