The Byzantine Empire Finished one

The Byzantine Empire Finished one

1. Justininan

   • Emperor
     • Biggest triymph was rebuilding the Hagia Sophia bigger and better than before
     • Revived Ancient Rome
     • Byzantine Empire reached its peak under his rule
     • Autocrat: a sole ruler with complete authority over all
   • Justinian's Code
     • Helped strengthen and centralize power all over Europe
     • Reform in the law
     • Included laws passed by Roman assemblies or decreed by Roman emperors, as well as legal writings of Roman judges and a handbook for students
     • Body of Civil Law
   • Theodora
     • Biggest moment: The revolt in 532 when she inspired Justinian to remain in Constantinople
     • helped to control the empire by being the advisor
     • Wife of Justinian
     • Was never afraid to challenge Justinian and pursue her own policies
   • Hagia Sohpia
     • A church that means Holy Wisdom
     • Stands at a cultural and geographic crossroad called now a days Istanbul
     • Justinian ordered it to be built after the previous church had been destroyed in riots
     • Serves as a cathedral of the eastern Orthodox Christianity, a Roman catholic cathedral. and an Islamic mosque

2. The Great Schism

   • Split in eastern and western Christianity
     • Byzantine Empire is the eastern
     • Roman Catholic is the western
     • Pope and patriarch treated each other like rival instead of like separate branches of the same faith
     • pope and patriarch excommunicated each other
   • The Byzantine Empire refused the using of icons
     • Violated God's commandment against worshiping "graven images"
     • Many battles within the empire started
     • Images were used like Jesus, Mary, and Saints
     • Happened in 1054
   • Eastern= Byzantine Empire
     • Patriarch
     • Priest had the right to marry
     • Celebrated only Easter
     • No icons allowed
     • Greek Orthodox
   • Western= Roman Catholic Church
     • Latin
     • Pope is in charge
     • Celebrates Christmas and Easter
     • Icons are allowed
     • Priest weren't allowed to get married

3. Constantinople

   • Location
     • Had elaborate systems of land and sea walls
     • Links to the Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea
     • Excellent harbor
     • On the shore of the Bosporus
   • Blending Culture
     • As their heir to Rome, it promoted blended civilizations of Ancient Greek, Roman, and Christian influences
     • Also, they had influences from all over the Mediterranean are
     • It was still in existence nearly 1,000 years after its fall
     • After rising to big heights, the Byzantine Empire eventually declined to a small area around Constaninople
   • Trade
     • Crossroad of trade for the Byzantine Empire
     • Because of this, it was the Capital of the Byzantine Empire
     • Busiest Marketplace
     • Rich city
   • Greek City
     • Called New Rome
     • Many attended chariot races in the city
     • Roads fanned out all over the Middle East
     • Protected very well

4. Heritage

   • Art
     • Religious icons
     • Architecture had unique contributions
     • Byzantine palaces and churches blended with Greek, Roman, Persian, and other MIddle Eastern styles
     • Influenced Western styles to present icons
   • Greek Historians
     • Wrote about their struggle and opinions
     • Became known as the Renaissance
     • Latin crusaders were greedy barbarians
     • Criticized Justinian and Theordora
   • What it was.
     • Even their conquerors adapted some of their features of government, social life, and architecture
     • Extended achievement ins law and engineering
     • 1,000 years of building culture
     • blended Christian beliefs with Greek science, philosophy, arts, and literature
   • Byzantine scholars
     • Wrote about their own times
     • The field of History was the main subject
     • Produced their own great books
     • Preserved classic works of Ancient Rome and Greece

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