I always feel tired

I always feel tired

1. Blood

   • Functions
     • Transportation
     • Acid/base balance
     • Blood viscosity
     • Pigments
   • Components
   • Sites
   • Hematopoeisis

2. Erythropoiesis

   • Stages
   • Regulation

3. Hemoglobin

   • Structure
   • Function
     • carries oxygen from the lungs to the capillaries of tissues
   • Formation

4. Thalassemia

   • decreased synthesis of one or more globin chains
   • Types
     • α thalassemia
       • α gene deletion
       • deletion in locus control region
       • chain termination/nonsense mutation
     • β thalassemia
       • β globin chain mutation
       • splice site mutation
       • Types
         • β thal minor
           • β thalassemia trait
         • β thal intermedia
           • production of β chain is less but not absent
         • β thal major
           • absence of β globin chain

5. Anemia

   • Reduction in the circulating RBC mass
   • Types
     • Microcytic
     • Normocytic
     • Macrocytic
   • Parasites which cause anemia
     • Schistosoma spp
     • Diphyllobothrium latum
     • Leishmania donovani
     • Plasmodium falciparum
   • Iron deficiency anemia
   • Investigations
     • Hb electrophoresis
     • Blood film
     • Iron studies
     • Blood test
   • Treatment of iron deficiency anemia
     • Oral iron supplements
     • Parenteral iron supplements
     • Red blood cell transfusions (in elderly)

6. Complications of very strict vegetarian diet

   • Deficiency of vitamins
   • Risk factors

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