Year 9 Item 1

Year 9 Item 1

1. Task requirements

   • Self-Determined Criteria
     • SDC 1 - Accuracy
       • Gets to exit without any errors
       • Detects obstacle and goes around correctly
       • Stay on the black line and detect it
     • SDC 2 - Efficent and reliable
       • Completes challenge quickly
       • Can repeat multiple times with consistent results
       • Can correct itself without any manual help
   • Prescribed Criteria
     • PC 4 - Complete a room-specific challenge.
       • Reach the exit safely
       • Complete one of the chosen challanges
       • Meet all task requirements for challange
     • PC 3 - Use sensor(s) to avoid or manoeuvre any dangers or obstacles.
       • Navigate around obstacle
       • Continue safley towards exit
       • Rejoin the path afterwards
     • PC 2 - Use sensor to identify any dangers or obstacles.
       • Detect if obstacle can be moved or not
       • Detect obstacle before collsion
       • Use distance or touch sensor
     • PC1 - Follow a safe path to the exit
       • Stay on the black line
       • Get to the exit
       • Avoid running off the track

2. Planned response

   • Rockfall challenge
     • The robot needs to follow the black path through the room to the exit. But a heavy rock has fallen from an archway and is blocking part of the path. The robot must move the rock from the path! Clear the rock out of the way and then return to the path to escape by reaching the exit.
       • Planned Solution - Follow black line ---> detect rock using touch sensor ---> Determine if rock is moveable ---> Push rock off path ---> Continue following black line ---> Reach exit
   • Poison Ivy challenge
     • The robot needs to follow the black path through the room to the exit. But a hedge covered in poison ivy is blocking part of the path. The robot cannot touch the hedge and must navigate around the hedge and back onto the black path to escape by reaching the exit.
       • Planned Solution - Follow black line ---> detect hedge using distance sensor ---> Turn away from hedge ---> Manuouver around hedge ---> Find nalck line again ---> Reach exit

3. Spike Prime Robot

   • Other sensors
     • Colour sensor: Detects what colour the robot is currently following
     • Touch/Force sensor: detects when the robot touches an object and if the object can or cant be moved
   • Distance sensor
     • - Detects objects - Measures distance from objects
   • Motors
     • - Wheels: move robot backwards and forwards - Steering: controls how the robot turns

4. Algorithm Constructs

   • Iteration
     • used when something is repeated, so anything where the program goes round in a loop.
       • FOR Loop Example: FOR 3 steps MOVE forward ENDFOR
   • Selection & Condtion
     • Makes decisions on which line of code will be used
       • Example: START ---> IF red THEN OUTPUT you lose ---> ELSE---> OUTPUT message you win ---> ENDIF ---> END
   • Assignment
     • Storing a value in a variable
       • Example - Colour = red red= Value colour= Varible
   • Sequence
     • A set of instructions that are processed one after the other
       • Example: Start ---> Follow line ----> Detect obstacle ----> Move around ----> Exit

5. Code Constructs

   • FOR Loop
     • A FOR loop is used when it is known exactly how many times to go round the loop.
       • FOR 3 seconds move forwards
   • Other code constructs
     • WHILE loop
       • Used to repeat while a condition is true or false. These can be used as forever loops where required
         • WHILE path clear move forward ENDWHILE
   • IF statement
     • A selection statement uses a condition to select which line of the program will be used next
       • START ---> IF winning numbers THEN ---> OUTPUT prize money ---> ELSE ---> OUTPUT message 'Not Today' ---> ENDIF ---> END