413879
Description
Mind Map by caitlin.rosetti, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by caitlin.rosetti
over 11 years ago
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Media Representations of Social
Groups (Theories)
- Feminism
- Liberal
- More optimistic about the possibility of change,
contend evidence of greater equality in gender
representations
- Argue that increasing numbers of women are employed as media professionals,
contributes towards changes in way which representations are conceived/produced
- Wider variety of roles being played in film and TV by women
- E.G. Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Ugly Betty
- E.G. Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Ugly Betty
- Gauntlett (2008) Offers views that acknowledge changing gender roles
- Frazer (1987) Found girls read
magazines (Heat, Closer)
critically, likely to laugh at
content
- More optimistic about the possibility of change,
contend evidence of greater equality in gender
representations
- Radical
- Little change
- Traditional stereotypes are ever-present in advertising, media still degrades
women, presenting them as sex objects
- Culture continues to be controlled/dominated by men and
they still occupy key positions of power in society
- 'Malestream perspective'
- Oakley (1974) Men and women's roles haven't changed
- Whelehan (2000) Study of men's magazine (Loaded, FHM)
attempt to challenge feminism by promoting a world where
women are seen as sex objects
- Little change
- Marxist
- Link media representations of gender
with capitalism and patriarchy
- In the interest of the power systems to maintain gender inequalities
- See media as reinforcing hegemonic roles by promoting an ideology of femininity and
masculinity that conforms to norms and values
- McRobbie: Magazines had a significant influence on their female readers identity, negative in
effect in terms of celebrity magazines
- Link media representations of gender
with capitalism and patriarchy
- Liberal
- Marxism
- Support the interests of the ruling class
- E.G. Portrayals of the upper class are so that they don't
challenge their position in society
- E.G. Portrayals of the upper class are so that they don't
challenge their position in society
- Focus on social class divisions in society
as fundamental inequality
- E.G. Eastenders portray the working class negatively, differently to middle class (Keeping Up Appearances)
- E.G. Eastenders portray the working class negatively, differently to middle class (Keeping Up Appearances)
- Concerned with the ways in which media function to control
society through ideology and media representations
- E.G. Media representations of working class in TV, Devereaux (2008)
- E.G. Media representations of working class in TV, Devereaux (2008)
- Interested in the economic base of society concerning
ownership and control
- E.G. News, Medhurst - 'The Royle Family'
- E.G. News, Medhurst - 'The Royle Family'
- Support the interests of the ruling class
- Neo-Marxism
- Concerns about
social inequality
extend beyond social
class
- E.G. A.G.E
- E.G. A.G.E
- Further aspect of hegemony
relates to media representations of
social groups
- E.G. Ethnic minorities as negative
- E.G. Ethnic minorities as negative
- Hall (1981) Argued that the media operated with these overriding stereotypes of black people; the native, the
entertainer and the slave, more range of diverse range of images, exists within a framework
- Argue that media representations reinforce hegemony, supporting the ruling class
- E.G. Working class is the lowest class
- E.G. Working class is the lowest class
- Analysis can be applied to A.G.E, images
used will maintain dominant norms and
values
- E.G. Mothers are housewives
- E.G. Mothers are housewives
- Challenges are
presented as a threat or
joke, will be ignored
- E.G. Men as househusbands
- E.G. Men as househusbands
- Concerns about
social inequality
extend beyond social
class
- Pluralism
- Media representations of social groups reflect both the
diversity evident in society and the demand of the
audience
- E.G. Crime statistics including marriage and divorce
- E.G. Crime statistics including marriage and divorce
- Develop to reflect changes in society as the media respond to society's needs
- E.G. Choice - New Media
- E.G. Choice - New Media
- Media professionals are alert to the responsibility they have to represent social
groups in a fair and balanced way, guided by professional values
- Oakley (1974) Men and women's roles haven't changed, women are still shown as
house-makers because they still are
- Media representations of social groups reflect both the
diversity evident in society and the demand of the
audience
- Postmodernism
- See the boundaries between social groups blurring as distinctions between them become
less clear and there is interplay between groups
- Media had been fundamental to this
process by representing a variety of images
from which people can pick and choose
- Refer to globalisation and its impact on broadening the range of identities and lifestyle that are available
- Young and Willmott: Symmetrical families
- See the boundaries between social groups blurring as distinctions between them become
less clear and there is interplay between groups
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