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Neurological Examination of Limb

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Mind Map on Neurological Examination of Limb, created by aaaa on 09/04/2013.
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Mind Map by aaaa, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by aaaa about 11 years ago
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Neurological Examination of Limb
  1. Upper Limb
    1. Introduction
      1. Inspection
        1. posture & symmetry
          1. symmetry, size & shape of muscles
            1. scars & bruising
              1. abnormal movements
                1. athetosis
                  1. dystonia
                    1. intention tremor
                    2. fasciculation
                    3. Assessment of Tone
                      1. ask patient to relax arm
                        1. put each major joint through a full range of movement
                        2. Assessment of Power
                          1. shoulder abduction
                            1. Elbow
                              1. Flexion
                                1. Extension
                                2. Finger
                                  1. Flexion
                                    1. Abduction
                                      1. Adduction
                                      2. Thumb abduction
                                        1. Scoring System
                                          1. 0 no movement
                                            1. 1 muscle belly moves but joint does not move
                                              1. 2 Joint moves with gravity eliminated
                                                1. 3 Joint moves against gravity
                                                  1. 4 joint moves against gravity & resistance
                                                    1. 5 Full strength
                                                  2. Tendon Reflexes
                                                    1. Biceps C6
                                                      1. Triceps C7
                                                        1. Brachoradialis C6
                                                          1. Jendrassik's maneuvre
                                                          2. Sensation
                                                            1. Dorsal Column
                                                              1. vibration
                                                                1. Proprioception
                                                                  1. Light touch
                                                                    1. 2 point discrimination
                                                                    2. Spinothalamic
                                                                      1. Pain
                                                                        1. Temperature
                                                                          1. some light touch
                                                                        2. Coordination
                                                                          1. finger-nose
                                                                            1. finger-finger
                                                                              1. tremor & overshooting
                                                                              2. Alternating hand movements
                                                                                1. dysdiadochokinesia
                                                                                2. Fine movement
                                                                                  1. Cerebellar drift (rebound)
                                                                                  2. Conclusion
                                                                                  3. Lower Limb
                                                                                    1. Inspection
                                                                                      1. Muscle Wasting
                                                                                        1. Asymmetry
                                                                                          1. Fasciculation
                                                                                          2. Tone
                                                                                            1. ankle clonus
                                                                                              1. roll leg on bed to assess ease of movement
                                                                                                1. pull up on knee
                                                                                                2. Power
                                                                                                  1. hip flexion
                                                                                                    1. hip extension
                                                                                                      1. knee flexion
                                                                                                        1. knee extension
                                                                                                          1. dorsiflexion
                                                                                                            1. Plantarflexion
                                                                                                              1. Toe Plantarflexion
                                                                                                                1. Toe Dorsiflexion
                                                                                                                2. Reflexes
                                                                                                                  1. Patellar
                                                                                                                    1. ankle
                                                                                                                      1. plantar
                                                                                                                      2. Function
                                                                                                                        1. Romberg's test
                                                                                                                        2. Sensation
                                                                                                                          1. Dorsal Column
                                                                                                                            1. Vibration
                                                                                                                              1. Proprioception
                                                                                                                                1. Discriminative Touch
                                                                                                                                2. Spinothalamic
                                                                                                                                  1. Pain
                                                                                                                                    1. Temperature
                                                                                                                                      1. Non-discriminative light touch
                                                                                                                                  2. Elements that need to be intact
                                                                                                                                    1. Brain
                                                                                                                                      1. Spinal Cord
                                                                                                                                        1. Peripheral Nervous System
                                                                                                                                          1. Muscles
                                                                                                                                            1. Tendons & Attachments
                                                                                                                                              1. Bone
                                                                                                                                              2. Method
                                                                                                                                                1. Inspection
                                                                                                                                                  1. Palpation
                                                                                                                                                    1. Auscultation
                                                                                                                                                      1. Percussion
                                                                                                                                                      2. Comparison
                                                                                                                                                        1. Left to Right
                                                                                                                                                          1. Proximal to distal
                                                                                                                                                            1. Upper & Lower Motor Neurone lesions
                                                                                                                                                            2. Test for
                                                                                                                                                              1. Tone
                                                                                                                                                                1. Power
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Reflexes
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Sensation
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Coordination
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