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1. 2.SUBSTITUTION

   • • LET U= OBJ IN BRACKET, OBJ IN SURD, POWER OF e, ln x, etc

2. 1. SIMPLIFY

   • ...eg (identity

3. 4. IDENTIFY

   • RATIONAL EXPRESSION (DEGREE OF NUMERATOR < DENOMINATOR)
     • PARTIAL
   • POLYNOMIAL X TRANSCENDENTAL
     • BY PARTS
   • • USE TRIGO SUBSTITUTION
   • • USE REDUCTION FORMULA
   • • m is odd, m =2k+1 n is odd, n=2k+1 m&n are even, use half andgle identity
   • • tan x = t
   • • tan x = t/2
   • improper integral
     • use limit

4. TRIGONOMETRIC/ HYPERBOLIC

   • USE TRIGO/HYPERBOLIC/INVERSE TRIGO/INVERSE HYPERBOLIC

5. 3. MANIPULATE

   • (I) COMPLETING THE SQUARE
   • (II) SEPARATING THE FRACTIONS
   • MULTIPLYING BY A FORM OF 1
   • ELIMINATING SQUARE ROOTS

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