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Anatomy and Histology of salivary glands

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dentistry Oral Biology (Salivary glands) Mind Map on Anatomy and Histology of salivary glands, created by 0 9 on 02/02/2016.
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Anatomy and Histology of salivary glands
  1. Type of acini (p = serous, smg = all three >80% serous, slg = mostly mucous)
    1. Serous
      1. Extensive RER, Golgi and secretory granules (amylase, lysozyme)
        1. Many basal invaginations (as more continuous)
          1. Lots of junctional complexes
          2. Mucous
            1. Fewer basal invaginations compared to serous - less "basal" level of secretion
              1. Secrete mucin glycoprotein - less enzymatic secretions more carbohydrate
                1. More prominent Golgi than serous, less extensive RER + mito
                2. Mixed
                  1. Serous "sit" on top of mucous cells
                  2. Myoepithelial cells surround acinus - joined to acinus by DESMOSOMES - squeeze acini to increase salivary flow
                  3. Developmental origin
                    1. ECTODERMALLY derived from stomatodeum lining
                      1. Oral epithelial cells proliferate into surrounding ectomesenchyme and form buds with epithelial cords to OE surface
                        1. 4-6-8-12 weeks pattern formation (largest to smallest glands)
                          1. Surrounding condensed mesenchyme induces differentiation of oral epithelial invaginated tissue
                            1. Surrounding condensed mesenchyme becomes fibrous capsule - lymph nodes frequently become trapped because this condensation is delayed
                              1. Duct system forms from epithelial cords - further branching for different duct types
                                1. Epithelial parenchymal tissue forms the lobules
                                2. Duct system - Acinus - intercalated - striated - excretory (terminal)
                                  1. Intercalated (INTRAlobular)
                                    1. Smallest duct
                                      1. Simple cuboidal epithelium
                                        1. Secretory proteins such as lysozyme
                                        2. Striated (INTRAlobular)
                                          1. Striated due to high infolded basolateral membrane containing elongated mitochondria
                                            1. Modification of saliva occurs here
                                              1. Columnar cells
                                              2. Excretory (terminal - INTERlobular)
                                                1. End part of the duct system
                                                  1. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
                                                    1. Embeddded in connective tissue between the lobules
                                                    2. Interlobular = in septal connective tissue outside paremchyma, Intralobular = inside paremchyma
                                                    3. Age changes
                                                      1. Stroma becomes fibrotic and accumulates lymphocytes
                                                        1. More fat cells in parotid
                                                          1. Linked to xerostomia / sjogrens
                                                          2. Minor glands
                                                            1. 8-10% of all saliva production
                                                              1. Palatal, lingual, labial, buccal, retromolar location
                                                                1. None in gingiva + anterior palate
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