44467
Description
Mind Map by jessica-gollop, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by jessica-gollop
about 11 years ago
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Ionic
bonding
- Ionic bonding - transferring electrons
- In ionic bonding atoms loose or gain electrons to
form charged particles (ions) which are then
strongly attracted to each other (opposites attract).
- It only occurs between metals and non metals.
- Metals form positive ions, non metals form negative ions.
- All electrons want a full outer
shell, to achieve this they can
loose or gain electrons.
- In ionic bonding atoms loose or gain electrons to
form charged particles (ions) which are then
strongly attracted to each other (opposites attract).
- An atom with just 1 electron in its outer shell wants to
get rid of it (because all atoms want a full outer shell).
- All the atoms on the left hand side
of the periodic table (e.g potassium,
sodium, calcium etc) only have 1 or
2 electrons in their outer shell.
- If the atom only has 1 or 2
electrons in its outer shell it will try
and get rid of it and become an ion.
- The ion then looks for another ion
with an opposite charge that if they
bond will give a full outer shell.
- The ion then looks for another ion
with an opposite charge that if they
bond will give a full outer shell.
- If the atom only has 1 or 2
electrons in its outer shell it will try
and get rid of it and become an ion.
- All ions what the
electronic structure of
a noble gas (full outer
shell) to do this they
find another atom that
gives them a full outer
shell.
- All the atoms on the left hand side
of the periodic table (e.g potassium,
sodium, calcium etc) only have 1 or
2 electrons in their outer shell.
- A nearly full shell is keen
to get that extra electron.
- On the other side of the periodic
table (group 6 + 7) e.g oxygen have
outer shells which are nearly full.
- They are pretty keen to gain that
extra electron or 2 from another atom.
- When atoms give or take electrons they form
ions, and before you know it they've latched
onto the atom that gave them the electron.
- They are pretty keen to gain that
extra electron or 2 from another atom.
- On the other side of the periodic
table (group 6 + 7) e.g oxygen have
outer shells which are nearly full.
- Ionic compounds have a
regular lattice structure.
- Ionic compounds always
have giant ionic lattices.
- The ions form a closely packed
regular lattice arrangement.
- There are very strong
electrostatic forces of
attraction between
oppositely charged ions.
- Ionic compounds always
have giant ionic lattices.
- Ionic compounds all
have similar properties.
- They all have high melting
points and high boiling
points due to the strong
attraction between the ions.
- It takes a large amount of
energy to overcome this
attraction. When ions
compounds melt the ions
are free to move and
carry an electrical current.
- It takes a large amount of
energy to overcome this
attraction. When ions
compounds melt the ions
are free to move and
carry an electrical current.
- They do dissolve easily in water.
The ions separate and are free to
move in the solution, so they will
carry and electrical current.
- They all have high melting
points and high boiling
points due to the strong
attraction between the ions.
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